A nurse is teaching a client who is on a low-sodium diet. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Limit intake of canned soups.
Choose botled salad dressings.
Choose diet sodas over botled water.
Replace processed meats with fresh meat products.
Read labels on foods before eating.
Correct Answer : A,D,E
Choice A: Limit intake of canned soups is correct because canned soups are high in sodium and can increase blood
pressure and fluid retention. The nurse should advise the client to choose low-sodium or homemade soups instead.
Choice B: Choose botled salad dressings is incorrect because botled salad dressings are also high in sodium and can have added sugars and fats. The nurse should advise the client to make their own salad dressings with vinegar, oil, herbs, and spices.
Choice C: Choose diet sodas over botled water is incorrect because diet sodas are not a healthy alternative to water. Diet sodas contain artificial sweeteners, caffeine, and phosphoric acid, which can affect the body's pH balance and calcium absorption. The nurse should advise the client to drink plain water or flavored water with natural ingredients.
Choice D: Replace processed meats with fresh meat products is correct because processed meats such as bacon, ham, sausage, and hot dogs are high in sodium and preservatives. The nurse should advise the client to choose fresh meat products such as chicken, turkey, fish, or lean beef.
Choice E: Read labels on foods before eating is correct because reading labels can help the client identify the sodium content and other ingredients in foods. The nurse should advise the client to look for foods that have less than 140 mg of sodium per serving and avoid foods that have salt, sodium, or monosodium glutamate (MSG) in the ingredient list.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason: This is correct because a phosphate of 5.7 mg/dL indicates hyperphosphatemia, which is a high level of phosphate in the blood. Hyperphosphatemia is a common manifestation of hypoparathyroidism, which is a condition that causes low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH regulates calcium and phosphate balance in the body, and low PTH leads to decreased calcium and increased phosphate levels. The nurse should monitor the client's neuromuscular and cardiovascular status, and administer calcium and vitamin D supplements as ordered.
Choice B Reason: This is incorrect because a calcium of 9.8 mg/dL is within the normal range of 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL. Hypoparathyroidism causes hypocalcemia, which is a low level of calcium in the blood. Calcium is essential for muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and blood clotting, and low calcium levels can cause tetany, seizures, and cardiac arrhythmias. The nurse should monitor the client's vital signs, electrocardiogram, and Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs, and administer calcium and vitamin D supplements as ordered.
Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because a magnesium of 1.8 mEq/L is within the normal range of 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L. Hypoparathyroidism does not affect magnesium levels significantly, and this result does not indicate an urgent problem for the client.
Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because a vitamin D of 25 ng/mL is within the normal range of 20 to 50 ng/mL. Hypoparathyroidism causes low levels of vitamin D, which is needed for calcium absorption and bone health. Vitamin D deficiency can cause rickets, osteomalacia, and osteoporosis. The nurse should monitor the client's bone density and fractures, and administer vitamin D supplements as ordered.
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A: Limit intake of canned soups is correct because canned soups are high in sodium and can increase blood
pressure and fluid retention. The nurse should advise the client to choose low-sodium or homemade soups instead.
Choice B: Choose botled salad dressings is incorrect because botled salad dressings are also high in sodium and can have added sugars and fats. The nurse should advise the client to make their own salad dressings with vinegar, oil, herbs, and spices.
Choice C: Choose diet sodas over botled water is incorrect because diet sodas are not a healthy alternative to water. Diet sodas contain artificial sweeteners, caffeine, and phosphoric acid, which can affect the body's pH balance and calcium absorption. The nurse should advise the client to drink plain water or flavored water with natural ingredients.
Choice D: Replace processed meats with fresh meat products is correct because processed meats such as bacon, ham, sausage, and hot dogs are high in sodium and preservatives. The nurse should advise the client to choose fresh meat products such as chicken, turkey, fish, or lean beef.
Choice E: Read labels on foods before eating is correct because reading labels can help the client identify the sodium content and other ingredients in foods. The nurse should advise the client to look for foods that have less than 140 mg of sodium per serving and avoid foods that have salt, sodium, or monosodium glutamate (MSG) in the ingredient list.
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