A preterm infant exhibits symptoms including grunting, nasal flaring, and tachypnea. The nurse anticipates the newborn will need which treatment(s)?
Oxygen administration and surfactant administration.
Chest tube insertion and drainage.
Frequent suctioning through an endotracheal tube.
Partial exchange blood transfusion.
The Correct Answer is A
A. The entry of air into the alveoli, replacing expelled amniotic fluid, is a critical mechanical stimulus that initiates the transition to neonatal breathing.
B. Decreased oxygen levels trigger chemical, not mechanical, stimuli.
C. The diaphragm moves downward during inspiration, not upward.
D. Drying and stimulation help initiate breathing through sensory stimulation, not mechanical.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Physiologic jaundice typically appears after 24 hours, not immediately.
B. Jaundice in the first 24 hours of life often indicates pathologic jaundice, frequently caused by blood group incompatibility (e.g., ABO or Rh incompatibility), leading to hemolysis and elevated bilirubin.
C. Vitamin K deficiency leads to bleeding disorders, not jaundice.
D. Maternal cocaine abuse is not directly linked to neonatal jaundice.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hemolysis by maternal antibodies suggests hemolytic disease of the newborn (e.g., Rh incompatibility), which typically presents earlier and more severely.
B. Delayed meconium excretion may lead to increased bilirubin, but this is not the most common cause of jaundice at 3 days.
C. Pathological jaundice occurs within the first 24 hours or persists longer than a week.
D. Physiological jaundice is a common finding in newborns due to the natural breakdown of fetal red blood cells (RBCs) and the immature liver's inability to efficiently process bilirubin.
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