A public health nurse is developing a protocol for the treatment of inhalation anthrax in the event of widespread public exposure. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse plan to include?
The anthrax vaccine is ineffective following direct anthrax exposure.
Manifestations of anthrax infection appear within 3 days of exposure.
Prophylactic treatment should be provided to clients for 10 days following exposure to anthrax.
Ciprofloxacin should be administered to asymptomatic clients who were directly exposed to anthrax.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: The anthrax vaccine is ineffective following direct anthrax exposure is not a correct piece of information to include in the protocol. The anthrax vaccine can provide some protection against anthrax if given before exposure, but it cannot prevent or treat anthrax infection after exposure¹.
Choice B reason: Manifestations of anthrax infection appear within 3 days of exposure is not a correct piece of information to include in the protocol. The incubation period of anthrax varies depending on the route of exposure, but it can range from one day to several weeks. Inhalation anthrax usually has an incubation period of one to six days, but it can be longer².
Choice C reason: Prophylactic treatment should be provided to clients for 10 days following exposure to anthrax is not a correct piece of information to include in the protocol. Prophylactic treatment, or post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), is the use of antibiotics to prevent anthrax infection in people who have been exposed to anthrax spores but do not have symptoms. PEP should be given for at least 60 days, or until the person receives three doses of the anthrax vaccine³.
Choice D reason: Ciprofloxacin should be administered to asymptomatic clients who were directly exposed to anthrax is a correct piece of information to include in the protocol. Ciprofloxacin is one of the antibiotics recommended by the CDC for PEP of anthrax. It can prevent anthrax infection in people who have inhaled anthrax spores but do not have symptoms. Ciprofloxacin should be given as soon as possible after exposure and continued for 60 days, or until the person receives three doses of the anthrax vaccine..
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Assessing the bladder for distention is an important action, but not the first one. The nurse should first check the uterine tone and position, as a boggy or displaced uterus can indicate uterine atony, the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage.
Choice B reason: Massaging the client's fundus is the first action to take. The nurse should apply firm, circular pressure to the fundus to stimulate uterine contractions and reduce bleeding. The nurse should also monitor the amount and character of lochia.
Choice C reason: Preparing to administer a prescribed oxytocic preparation is a necessary action, but not the first one. The nurse should first attempt to control the bleeding by massaging the fundus and assessing the bladder. If the bleeding persists, the nurse should administer medications such as oxytocin, methylergonovine, or carboprost to enhance uterine contractions.
Choice D reason: Assessing the client's blood pressure is an important action, but not the first one. The nurse should first manage the bleeding by massaging the fundus and preparing to administer medications. The nurse should also monitor the client's vital signs, including blood pressure, pulse, and temperature, for signs of shock or infection
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Hospice care does not provide life extending interventions, but rather focuses on comfort and quality of life for the client and their family⁴⁵.
Choice B reason: This is correct. Hospice care is for people who are in the final stages of an incurable illness and have a life expectancy of 6 months or less⁴⁶. Hospice care helps ease symptoms and provide emotional and spiritual support⁵.
Choice C reason: This is partially correct. Hospice care does allow families to participate in the client's care, but this is not the main goal of hospice care⁴⁵. Hospice care also involves a team of professionals who provide medical, social, and practical support to the client and their family⁴.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Hospice services do not end when the client dies, but continue to provide bereavement support to the family for up to a year after the client's death⁴⁵..
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