A public health nurse is developing a protocol for the treatment of inhalation anthrax in the event of widespread public exposure. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse plan to include?
The anthrax vaccine is ineffective following direct anthrax exposure.
Manifestations of anthrax infection appear within 3 days of exposure.
Prophylactic treatment should be provided to clients for 10 days following exposure to anthrax.
Ciprofloxacin should be administered to asymptomatic clients who were directly exposed to anthrax.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: The anthrax vaccine is ineffective following direct anthrax exposure is not a correct piece of information to include in the protocol. The anthrax vaccine can provide some protection against anthrax if given before exposure, but it cannot prevent or treat anthrax infection after exposure¹.
Choice B reason: Manifestations of anthrax infection appear within 3 days of exposure is not a correct piece of information to include in the protocol. The incubation period of anthrax varies depending on the route of exposure, but it can range from one day to several weeks. Inhalation anthrax usually has an incubation period of one to six days, but it can be longer².
Choice C reason: Prophylactic treatment should be provided to clients for 10 days following exposure to anthrax is not a correct piece of information to include in the protocol. Prophylactic treatment, or post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), is the use of antibiotics to prevent anthrax infection in people who have been exposed to anthrax spores but do not have symptoms. PEP should be given for at least 60 days, or until the person receives three doses of the anthrax vaccine³.
Choice D reason: Ciprofloxacin should be administered to asymptomatic clients who were directly exposed to anthrax is a correct piece of information to include in the protocol. Ciprofloxacin is one of the antibiotics recommended by the CDC for PEP of anthrax. It can prevent anthrax infection in people who have inhaled anthrax spores but do not have symptoms. Ciprofloxacin should be given as soon as possible after exposure and continued for 60 days, or until the person receives three doses of the anthrax vaccine..
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "I don't want to lose control of my ability to make decisions." This statement reflects a fear of losing autonomy, which is common among individuals with chronic illnesses. While it indicates anxiety and concern about the future, it does not directly suggest suicidal ideation.
B. "I am afraid of experiencing pain near the end." This response shows a fear of suffering and pain, which is also common in terminal illnesses. Although it indicates distress, it does not necessarily imply a risk for suicide.
C. "I know that everything will be better soon." This statement can be a red flag for suicidal ideation, as it may imply that the person believes death is imminent or that they have a plan to end their suffering. It suggests a sense of hopelessness and a potential desire to escape their current situation.
D. "I am relying more and more on my partner for support." This response indicates a need for increased support and dependency on a partner. While it shows a reliance on others, it does not directly suggest suicidal thoughts or intentions.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement is true and relevant. The prevalence proportion is the number of existing cases of a disease divided by the total population at risk. In this case, the existing cases of diabetes mellitus are 11 (6 new cases plus 5 old cases), and the total population at risk is 15,000. Therefore, the prevalence proportion is 11/15,000, which can be simplified to 0.00073 or 0.073%.
Choice B reason: This statement is false and misleading. The prevalence proportion is not calculated by using only the new cases of a disease, but by using the total number of existing cases. Using only the new cases would result in an underestimation of the prevalence proportion.
Choice C reason: This statement is false and misleading. The prevalence proportion is not calculated by using the difference between the total population and the existing cases of a disease, but by using the total population at risk. Using the difference would result in an overestimation of the prevalence proportion.
Choice D reason: This statement is false and misleading. The prevalence proportion is not calculated by using both the difference between the total population and the existing cases of a disease and the new cases of a disease, but by using the total number of existing cases and the total population at risk. Using both the difference and the new cases would result in an incorrect calculation of the prevalence proportion.
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