A school nurse is planning a health fair for the caregivers of children entering kindergarten. Which of the following primary prevention topics should the nurse include?

Required immunizations

Nutrition for children who have diabetes

Emergency disaster planning

Screening for a pediculosis breakout

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Rationale:

A. Required immunizations: Immunizations are a key aspect of primary prevention, as they protect children from preventable diseases before exposure occurs. Including information about required vaccines at the kindergarten level helps caregivers ensure children are protected and supports community health.

B. Nutrition for children who have diabetes: Nutrition management for children with diabetes is considered secondary or tertiary prevention, as it involves managing an existing condition rather than preventing disease onset. It is not the focus for primary prevention at a general health fair.

C. Emergency disaster planning: While disaster planning is important for safety, it is not classified as primary prevention of disease. It addresses preparedness rather than preventing the initial occurrence of a health condition.

D. Screening for a pediculosis breakout: Screening is a secondary prevention activity because it involves early detection of an existing condition (lice infestation). It does not prevent the initial occurrence of disease, so it is not a primary prevention topic.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Oliguria: Clients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) often experience oliguria or significantly reduced urine output due to severe loss of nephron function. This contributes to fluid retention, electrolyte imbalances, and accumulation of waste products in the body.

B. Hypotension: ESKD more commonly leads to hypertension rather than hypotension because of fluid overload and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Hypotension may occur only during dialysis or with certain medications but is not an expected finding in untreated ESKD.

C. Edema: Fluid retention caused by decreased glomerular filtration and impaired renal excretion leads to peripheral and sometimes generalized edema. Edema is a classic sign of ESKD and indicates compromised fluid balance.

D. Anemia: Impaired kidney function reduces erythropoietin production, leading to decreased red blood cell synthesis and resultant anemia. Clients often require erythropoiesis-stimulating agents or supplemental iron to manage this complication.

E. Bradypnea: Respiratory rate is not typically decreased in ESKD. If present, bradypnea would suggest a separate neurologic or respiratory issue rather than a direct effect of kidney failure. Clients may develop Kussmaul respirations if metabolic acidosis is severe, but bradypnea is not expected.

A. Peripheral edema is present. B. Crackles upon auscultation of the lungs C. Maternal heart rate is 110/min. D. Urine output for 1 hour is 35 mL.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Peripheral edema is present: Peripheral edema indicates fluid overload rather than restored fluid balance. Excess interstitial fluid reflects that the body has retained more fluid than necessary, which is a sign that fluid status is not yet normalized.

B. Crackles upon auscultation of the lungs: Lung crackles suggest pulmonary congestion, which is a sign of fluid overload. This finding indicates that fluid replacement may have exceeded the client’s needs, so fluid balance has not been restored appropriately.

C. Maternal heart rate is 110/min: Tachycardia can indicate ongoing hypovolemia or stress on the cardiovascular system. A normalized fluid balance would typically correspond with a heart rate within the client’s baseline range, generally around 60–100/min, rather than persistent tachycardia.

D. Urine output for 1 hour is 35 mL: Adequate urine output (generally ≥30 mL/hr for adults) indicates effective renal perfusion and suggests that intravascular volume has been restored. This is a key clinical indicator of fluid balance normalization following hemorrhage and fluid replacement.

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A school nurse is planning a health fair for the caregivers of children entering kindergarten. Which of the following primary prevention topics should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has end stage kidney disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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