A woman presents to the emergency department with complaints of bleeding and cramping. The initial nursing history is significant for the last menstrual period 6 weeks ago. On sterile speculum examination, the primary care provider finds that the cervix is closed. The anticipated plan of care for this woman would be based on a probable diagnosis of which type of spontaneous abortion? Select one:
Inevitable
Septic
c Incomplete
Missed
Threatened
The Correct Answer is E
a. Inevitable abortion is characterized by vaginal bleeding, cramping, and dilated cervical os.
b. Septic abortion is associated with infection and may present with fever, chills, and foul-smelling vaginal discharge.
c. Incomplete abortion involves vaginal bleeding, cramping, and dilation of the cervical os with passage of some products of conception.
d. A missed abortion is when there is no bleeding or cramping, but the pregnancy has stopped developing and there is no fetal heartbeat. The cervix may be closed or slightly open, and the uterus may be smaller than expected for gestational age.
e. Threatened abortion involves vaginal bleeding with a closed cervical os and no passage of products of conception. It signifies a potential abortion, but the pregnancy may continue.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a. In this case, the woman is pregnant for the fourth time, so her gravidity is 4.
She has one child born at 39 weeks, another child born at 40 weeks, and one child born at 36.2 weeks. The first two are considered term births, and the last one is considered a preterm birth. Therefore, her term is 1 and her preterm is 2. She has no abortions, so her abortion is 0. She has three living children, so her living children is 3. Hence, her GTPAL is 4-2-1-0-3.
b. This indicates 1 full-term pregnancy, 1 preterm pregnancy, and 3 living child.
c. This would indicate 1 full-term pregnancy, 2 preterm pregnancies, and 3 living children.
d. 4-3-0-0-3: This would indicate 3 full-term pregnancies and 3 living children.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a. Dysmenorrhea refers to painful menstruation, which may be accompanied by abdominal cramping and pain.
b. Dyspareunia refers to painful sexual intercourse, which is not described in the scenario.
c. Amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstrual periods, which is not described in the scenario.
d. The symptoms described in the scenario are consistent with premenstrual syndrome, which includes physical and emotional symptoms such as abdominal cramping and pain, nausea, vomiting, headache, and irritability that occur before and during menstruation.
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