According to the transtheoretical model, an individual who has already made small changes and is ready to take action in the next month is at which stage?

A cost-effective analysis is used to compare the costs and benefits of different programs or interventions.

In this case, the analysis would be used to determine which of the three programs to reduce infant prematurity is the least expensive while still achieving optimal health outcomes.

Choice B, evaluating the number of staff needed to implement the program, may be an important consideration in terms of resource allocation, but it does not directly address the cost-effectiveness of the program.

Choice C, evaluating which program has the strongest approval rating by the participants, may provide valuable feedback on the acceptability of the program, but it does not directly address its cost-effectiveness.

Choice D, determining which program costs the fewest dollars and uses the smallest number of staff, may provide information on resource allocation, but it does not take into account the health outcomes achieved by the program.

Self-efficacy is the most powerful input for confidence.

Self-efficacy refers to an individual’s belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task.

It plays a central role in the cognitive regulation of motivation, because people regulate the level and distribution of effort they will expend in accordance with the effects they are expecting from their actions.

Choice A is incorrect because anxiety can actually decrease confidence.

Choice B is incorrect because high levels of cortisol, a hormone released in response to stress, can also decrease confidence.

Choice D is incorrect because stress can also decrease confidence.