Alice, a 64-year-old patient with a history of osteoporosis and hypertension, just received her pneumococcal vaccine. She mentions that her sister got sick after receiving the same vaccine. How should the nurse respond to Alice's concern?

Advise Alice to consult a physician for a tetanus shot as an alternative

Explain that the pneumococcal vaccine is not a live vaccine and cannot cause pneumonia.

Reassure Alice that the vaccine is safe for everyone.

Suggest that Alice should skip her flu vaccine this year to avoid complications.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Tetanus shot is not relevant to Alice's concern about the pneumococcal vaccine.

B.   Explaining that the pneumococcal vaccine is not a live vaccine and cannot cause pneumonia addresses Alice's concern and provides accurate information about the vaccine's safety.
C.   While pneumococcal vaccines are generally safe for most individuals, providing specific information about the vaccine's composition and safety profile is more beneficial.
D.   Skipping the flu vaccine is not recommended based on concerns about the pneumococcal vaccine.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Reduction in saliva production is not directly related to the immune system; it's more associated with oral health.
B. Thickening of the skin is a normal part of aging but is not directly related to the immune system.
C. Weakening of the periosteum refers to the outer layer of bone, and while it can occur with aging, it's not directly relevant to the immune system.
D. Reduced ciliary action in the respiratory tract is a common age-related change that can compromise the body's ability to clear pathogens and debris from the respiratory system, thus increasing susceptibility to respiratory infections.

A. Perform a rectal examination B. Refer her to a colonoscopy immediately C. Recommend increasing fiber in her diet D. Prescribe anti-hemorrhoidal medication

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A rectal examination may not detect lesions higher up in the colon

B. Rectal bleeding and change in bowel habits are red flags for colorectal cancer, especially in people over 50 years old. A colonoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosing colorectal cancer and other conditions affecting the colon and rectum.
C. While increasing fiber may be beneficial for overall bowel health, it is not the immediate action to take when rectal bleeding and changes in bowel habits are reported.
D. Prescribing medication without a proper evaluation could mask underlying issues and is not the appropriate initial step.

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Alice, a 64-year-old patient with a history of osteoporosis and hypertension, just received her pneumococcal vaccine. She mentions that her sister got sick after receiving the same vaccine. How should the nurse respond to Alice's concern?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Sarah, a 75-year-old woman with a history of COPD, has recently been experiencing frequent respiratory infections. As the nurse teaches her about the impact of aging on the immune system, which change should be emphasized?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Amy, a 50-year-old woman, reports a recent change in her bowel habits and rectal bleeding. She has no family history of rectal or colon problems. What is the most appropriate next step for her healthcare provider?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Emily, a 50-year-old woman with a past medical history of asthma and GERD, reports irritation and a burning sensation in her airway. Which of the following defense mechanisms is likely compromised?

John, a 65-year-old man, is nonambulatory and presents with complaints of rectal pain and problems with urination. What is the best position to examine John's rectum and prostate?

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