Emily, a 50-year-old woman with a past medical history of asthma and GERD, reports irritation and a burning sensation in her airway. Which of the following defense mechanisms is likely compromised?

Reflex bronchoconstriction

Mucocillary clearance system

Filtration of air

Alveolar macrophages

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Reflex bronchoconstriction is a defense mechanism that helps protect the airway during exposure to irritants or allergens, but it wouldn't typically lead to irritation and burning sensation.
B.   The mucociliary clearance system, which helps remove particles and pathogens from the airway by moving mucus upward via ciliary action, is likely compromised in Emily, leading to accumulation of irritants and subsequent symptoms.
C.   Filtration of air occurs primarily in the upper respiratory tract and is not directly related to irritation and burning sensation in the airway.
D.   Alveolar macrophages are primarily involved in defense against pathogens in the alveoli of the lungs and are not directly related to irritation and burning sensation in the airway.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Actinic keratosis treatment with topical 5-FU does not increase the risk of infection to the extent that avoiding crowded places would be necessary.
B. While 5-FU may be used to treat actinic keratosis, it does not necessarily prepare the lesion for surgical removal.

C. There is no direct association between topical 5-FU treatment and anorexia.

Nutritional intake monitoring may not be necessary unless symptoms develop.

D. Topical 5-FU causes localized irritation, erosion, and crusting of treated areas, which typically take weeks to heal. This instruction is important for the patient to understand the expected outcome of the treatment.

A. Wear sunglasses at all times. B. You might experience an artificial tan. C. Use sunscreen with high SPF when exposed to the sun. D. Sun exposure might decrease the effectiveness of the medication.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Wearing sunglasses is not relevant to the side effects or precautions associated with ciprofloxacin.
B. Ciprofloxacin does not cause artificial tanning.

C. Ciprofloxacin can increase sensitivity to sunlight, leading to sunburn. Using sunscreen with a high SPF can help prevent sunburn while taking this medication.
D. Sun exposure does not typically affect the effectiveness of ciprofloxacin, but it can increase the risk of sunburn due to photosensitivity.

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Emily, a 50-year-old woman with a past medical history of asthma and GERD, reports irritation and a burning sensation in her airway. Which of the following defense mechanisms is likely compromised?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Lisa, 49, has actinic keratosis on her left cheek and opts for treatment with topical 5-FU. She is generally healthy with no other significant past medical history. What should the nurse instruct her?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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