Emily, a 50-year-old woman with a past medical history of asthma and GERD, reports irritation and a burning sensation in her airway. Which of the following defense mechanisms is likely compromised?

Reflex bronchoconstriction

Mucocillary clearance system

Filtration of air

Alveolar macrophages

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Reflex bronchoconstriction is a defense mechanism that helps protect the airway during exposure to irritants or allergens, but it wouldn't typically lead to irritation and burning sensation.
B.   The mucociliary clearance system, which helps remove particles and pathogens from the airway by moving mucus upward via ciliary action, is likely compromised in Emily, leading to accumulation of irritants and subsequent symptoms.
C.   Filtration of air occurs primarily in the upper respiratory tract and is not directly related to irritation and burning sensation in the airway.
D.   Alveolar macrophages are primarily involved in defense against pathogens in the alveoli of the lungs and are not directly related to irritation and burning sensation in the airway.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Decreased lung compliance doesn't directly enhance gas diffusion; it may impair it due to decreased lung expansion.

B. Decreased lung compliance doesn't necessarily indicate compromised pulmonary blood supply; it's more related to the lung's ability to expand and contract.
C. Decreased lung compliance suggests that ventilation may be impaired because the lungs are less able to expand and contract effectively.
D. Decreased lung compliance means the lungs are stiffer, requiring more effort to breathe, thus increasing the work of breathing.

A. Monitor Sarah's dressing for excessive bleeding. B. Provide Sarah with a detailed diet plan. C. Assist Sarah with activities of daily living (ADLs) as needed. D. Administer antiemetics, analgesics, corticosteroids, and antibiotics as ordered.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. After Trabeculectomy surgery, it's crucial to monitor for bleeding at the surgical site to ensure proper wound healing and to prevent complications such as infection or hematoma.
B. While diet may be important for overall health, it is not the priority immediately following Trabeculectomy surgery.
C. ADL assistance may be required postoperatively, but it is not the priority in this case.

D. These medications may be prescribed postoperatively, but monitoring for excessive bleeding takes precedence to prevent complications.

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Emily, a 50-year-old woman with a past medical history of asthma and GERD, reports irritation and a burning sensation in her airway. Which of the following defense mechanisms is likely compromised?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Brian, a 58-year-old patient, is noted to have a decreased lung compliance during his pulmonary function tests. What does this suggest about the physiology of his respiration?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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