An 18-year-old man is involved in a motorcycle accident and sustains a closed head injury. After being in a coma for a few weeks, he awakens to find he has no memory of his family or life, and his cognitive function has declined to that of a 9- or 10-year-old child. His memories of his family and life never return, and he must re-learn how to perform activities of daily living. These findings are most consistent with:
Factitious disorder
Transient global amnesia
Major neurocognitive disorder due to traumatic brain injury
Ataque de nervios
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Factitious disorder involves intentionally producing or feigning symptoms to assume the sick role. This patient’s cognitive deficits are clearly related to trauma, not deliberate deception.
Choice B reason: Transient global amnesia is a brief, temporary episode of memory loss, often lasting hours, from which the patient recovers. This patient’s memory loss is permanent, ruling out this diagnosis.
Choice C reason: Major neurocognitive disorder due to traumatic brain injury involves significant cognitive decline after head trauma, including memory loss, impaired executive function, and the need to relearn daily living skills. This matches the patient’s presentation.
Choice D reason: Ataque de nervios is a culturally bound syndrome characterized by acute anxiety, emotional outbursts, and somatic symptoms, unrelated to trauma-induced cognitive deficits.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Patient safety is the overarching goal, but the description focuses specifically on cultural and organizational strategies to achieve safety rather than safety as a general outcome.
Choice B reason: Zero harm is a principle aiming for no errors, but it does not address the cultural and reporting elements described.
Choice C reason: Just Culture emphasizes accountability while promoting an open, non-punitive reporting environment, encouraging learning from errors without blame, aligning precisely with the hospital’s stated approach.
Choice D reason: A sociotechnical system considers the interaction of social and technical components but does not specifically encapsulate the ethical and cultural approach to reporting and accountability described here.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: The right hemisphere primarily governs spatial awareness, attention, and nonverbal processing. Difficulty with language and motor planning is less likely to result from right-sided lesions.
Choice B reason: The left hemisphere typically controls language and fine motor planning, especially in right-handed individuals. Difficulty with word-finding (aphasia) and daily activities (apraxia) suggests involvement of the left hemisphere, consistent with this patient’s deficits.
Choice C reason: The brainstem controls basic vital functions, cranial nerves, and motor/sensory pathways but is not the primary center for language or fine motor planning.
Choice D reason: The cerebellum coordinates movement, balance, and motor learning. Cerebellar lesions typically produce ataxia, dysmetria, and tremor, but not language deficits or apraxia.
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