An adult client presents with gnawing epigastric pain. The pain is worse when the client is hungry and abates after eating something. Which problem do these symptoms suggest?

Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD).

Esophagitis.

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD).

Chronic pancreatitis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) typically presents with symptoms such as heartburn or regurgitation, which are often exacerbated by lying down or eating certain foods. The pain described as gnawing and related to hunger is more characteristic of peptic ulcer disease.
B. Esophagitis involves inflammation of the esophagus, which often causes pain with swallowing and may be associated with GERD or infections, but the description of pain that improves with eating is more indicative of peptic ulcer disease.
C. Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is characterized by gnawing or burning pain in the epigastric region that worsens when the stomach is empty and improves with eating or antacids. This fits the description provided by the client.
D. Chronic pancreatitis typically causes pain in the upper abdomen that can radiate to the back and is not specifically associated with pain that improves with eating.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Using the fingertips to compress tissue over the lungs for a crackling sensation is not an appropriate method for assessing tactile fremitus. This approach is more related to detecting crepitus or subcutaneous emphysema.
B. Using a stethoscope to listen to and compare breath sounds is useful for assessing lung function and detecting abnormalities like wheezes or crackles but does not assess tactile fremitus.
C. Observing the size and shape of the chest wall provides information about overall lung expansion and structural abnormalities but does not assess tactile fremitus, which involves feeling vibrations.
D. Placing the palm of the hand on the chest wall to feel vibrations while the client speaks is the correct method to assess tactile fremitus. Increased fremitus may indicate pneumonia or other lung abnormalities, as the vibrations are transmitted more effectively through consolidated lung tissue.

A. Papules. B. Wheals. C. Fissuring. D. Excoriation.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Papules are small, raised, solid lesions, but they are not the typical primary skin lesion in an allergic reaction.
B. Wheals are raised, red, and itchy areas of the skin that appear in response to an allergic reaction, such as from an insect bite. Wheals are a hallmark sign of urticaria (hives) often seen in allergic reactions.
C. Fissuring refers to deep cracks or breaks in the skin, typically seen in conditions like chronic dermatitis or eczema, not in acute allergic reactions.
D. Excoriation involves skin damage caused by scratching and is secondary to itching, not a primary skin lesion of an allergic reaction.

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An adult client presents with gnawing epigastric pain. The pain is worse when the client is hungry and abates after eating something. Which problem do these symptoms suggest?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

In assessing tactile fremitus in the client with suspected pneumonia, the nurse should perform which action?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

An adult client exhibits an allergic reaction to an insect bite. The nurse should observe the client's skin for which finding?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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