The nurse practitioner suspects congenital hypothyroidism because a 3-week-old infant presents with:
a micropenis, jitterness, and a large posterior fontanel.
vomiting, lethargy, and poor feeding.
decreased activity, a large anterior fontanel, and poor feeding
a rapid heart rate, irritability, and frequent stools.
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. A micropenis and jitterness are more characteristic of congenital hypopituitarism or other endocrine disorders, not primary congenital hypothyroidism.
B. Vomiting, lethargy, and poor feeding are nonspecific and could indicate many neonatal conditions but do not specifically point to congenital hypothyroidism.
C. Decreased activity, a large anterior fontanel, and poor feeding are classic signs of congenital hypothyroidism. Infants may also present with hypotonia, prolonged jaundice, constipation, and a hoarse cry. Early detection is critical to prevent growth retardation and intellectual disability.
D. Rapid heart rate, irritability, and frequent stools are more suggestive of hyperthyroidism or other metabolic conditions, not hypothyroidism.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Bone marrow aspiration with biopsy is the definitive method for diagnosing leukemia. It allows direct examination of marrow cellularity, morphology, and the presence of leukemic blasts, confirming the diagnosis.
B. CT scans may detect organ involvement or complications but cannot diagnose leukemia.
C. A complete blood count (CBC) can suggest leukemia through abnormal white blood cell counts, anemia, or thrombocytopenia but cannot confirm the diagnosis.
D. Lumbar puncture with cerebrospinal fluid analysis is used to assess CNS involvement in leukemia but is not sufficient for initial diagnosis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Benzodiazepines typically cause sedation rather than insomnia, although paradoxical reactions can occasionally occur.
B. Dependence is a well-recognized problem with benzodiazepines, especially with prolonged use. Patients may develop tolerance, requiring higher doses, and abrupt discontinuation can lead to withdrawal symptoms.
C. While drug interactions are possible, they are generally less common than the risk of dependence.
D. Cost is usually not a primary concern with benzodiazepines, as many are available as inexpensive generic medications.
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