The nurse practitioner suspects congenital hypothyroidism because a 3-week-old infant presents with:
a micropenis, jitterness, and a large posterior fontanel.
vomiting, lethargy, and poor feeding.
decreased activity, a large anterior fontanel, and poor feeding
a rapid heart rate, irritability, and frequent stools.
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. A micropenis and jitterness are more characteristic of congenital hypopituitarism or other endocrine disorders, not primary congenital hypothyroidism.
B. Vomiting, lethargy, and poor feeding are nonspecific and could indicate many neonatal conditions but do not specifically point to congenital hypothyroidism.
C. Decreased activity, a large anterior fontanel, and poor feeding are classic signs of congenital hypothyroidism. Infants may also present with hypotonia, prolonged jaundice, constipation, and a hoarse cry. Early detection is critical to prevent growth retardation and intellectual disability.
D. Rapid heart rate, irritability, and frequent stools are more suggestive of hyperthyroidism or other metabolic conditions, not hypothyroidism.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Klinefelter syndrome affects males, leading to hypogonadism and delayed puberty, not females.
B. Turner syndrome is associated with short stature and gonadal dysgenesis, but it is a chromosomal condition rather than related to body weight or nutrition.
C. Anorexia nervosa can cause delayed sexual development in adolescent females due to malnutrition and low body fat, which disrupts hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis function, leading to delayed puberty or amenorrhea.
D. Hyperthyroidism generally accelerates metabolism and can sometimes cause early menarche or menstrual irregularities, but it is not typically associated with delayed sexual development.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Headaches and breast tenderness are more commonly associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) rather than dysmenorrhea.
B. Nausea, vomiting, and back pain are classic findings of dysmenorrhea, which is painful menstruation often caused by increased prostaglandin production leading to uterine contractions and associated systemic symptoms.
C. Urinary frequency and burning suggest a urinary tract infection rather than menstrual pain.
D. Vaginal dryness and pruritus are signs of irritation or hormonal changes, not dysmenorrhea.
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