Four weeks after surgical repair of a congenital heart defect, the child experiences shortness of breath, temperature of 102, lethargy, and chest pain. Based on these symptoms, the nurse practitioner should consider prescribing:
warfarin (Coumadin).
IV immune globulin.
IV antibiotics.
aspirin.
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Warfarin is used for anticoagulation in certain cardiac conditions but is not the primary treatment for post-surgical infection.
B. IV immune globulin is used for conditions like Kawasaki disease or immunodeficiencies, not typical post-operative infections.
C. IV antibiotics should be considered because the child presents with fever, lethargy, chest pain, and shortness of breath four weeks after heart surgery, which are concerning for post-operative infection or bacterial endocarditis. Prompt initiation of IV antibiotics is critical to prevent serious complications.
D. Aspirin may be indicated for anti-inflammatory or antiplatelet purposes in some cardiac conditions, but it does not treat infection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Klinefelter syndrome affects males, leading to hypogonadism and delayed puberty, not females.
B. Turner syndrome is associated with short stature and gonadal dysgenesis, but it is a chromosomal condition rather than related to body weight or nutrition.
C. Anorexia nervosa can cause delayed sexual development in adolescent females due to malnutrition and low body fat, which disrupts hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis function, leading to delayed puberty or amenorrhea.
D. Hyperthyroidism generally accelerates metabolism and can sometimes cause early menarche or menstrual irregularities, but it is not typically associated with delayed sexual development.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Cetirizine (Zyrtec) is a second-generation antihistamine considered safe for use in pregnancy, particularly after the first trimester.
B. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is a first-generation antihistamine generally regarded as safe in pregnancy.
C. Loratadine (Claritin) is also considered safe during pregnancy and commonly used for allergic rhinitis.
D. Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) is a decongestant that should be avoided, especially in the first trimester, because it can reduce uteroplacental blood flow and has been associated with a small risk of congenital malformations.
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