An older adult male client, who is a retired chef, is hospitalized with a diabetic ulcer on his foot. His daughter tells the nurse that her father has become increasingly obsessed with the way his food is prepared in the hospital. The nurse's response should be based on which information?
If the client was compulsive about food when he was younger, the aging process can magnify this.
The client probably has an organic brain disease and will likely have Alzheimer's disease within a few years.
The daughter is under stress and should be encouraged to think about happier times.
The family needs a social worker to talk to them about how to handle their father when he becomes annoying.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Personality traits that were present earlier in life, such as compulsiveness or perfectionism, can become more pronounced in older adulthood due to normal aging processes, changes in cognition, or the stress of hospitalization. In this case, the client’s preoccupation with food likely reflects his lifelong habits and professional background as a chef, rather than a new pathological condition. Recognizing this helps the nurse respond with understanding and provide strategies that respect the client’s preferences.
B. While some cognitive decline is common with aging, assuming that the client has an organic brain disease such as Alzheimer’s disease based solely on obsessive behavior is inaccurate. Obsessive tendencies related to personality do not indicate inevitable neurodegenerative disease. Making this assumption could cause unnecessary alarm and misinform the family.
C. Advising the daughter to focus on happier times does not address the underlying behavior or provide practical guidance. It minimizes the client’s current needs and could be dismissive of the family’s concerns. Effective nursing communication should validate the family’s observations while explaining possible reasons for the client’s behavior.
D. Suggesting a social worker to help the family handle the client when he becomes annoying is not appropriate. The behavior is not inherently “annoying” or pathological; it reflects personality traits. The focus should be on understanding and accommodating the client’s lifelong habits rather than labeling them as problems requiring external intervention.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Changing the dressing using a compression bandage is not appropriate in this situation. The clear fluid could be cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which can leak from the surgical site after lumbar spinal surgery. Applying pressure with a compression dressing could increase spinal or intracranial pressure, worsen the leak, and potentially increase the risk of complications such as infection or spinal cord injury. Therefore, this action is contraindicated until the type of fluid is confirmed.
B. Testing the fluid on the dressing for glucose is the correct immediate action. CSF contains glucose, whereas normal serous wound drainage typically does not. Confirming the presence of glucose helps the nurse determine whether the fluid is CSF, which is a potentially serious complication requiring urgent notification of the healthcare provider and close monitoring. This test provides rapid, actionable information to guide next steps in care.
C. Documenting the findings in the electronic medical record is important for legal and continuity of care purposes, but it is not the first action. Immediate assessment of the fluid type takes priority because CSF leakage can lead to complications such as meningitis or delayed wound healing. Documentation should follow after initial assessment and testing.
D. Marking the drainage area with a pen and continuing to monitor may be part of ongoing assessment, especially for tracking the size and progression of the leak. However, this action alone is insufficient as an immediate intervention. Without confirming the type of fluid, the nurse cannot determine whether the leak is serious or requires urgent intervention.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Initiating seizure precautions is not indicated based on the described posturing. The client’s abnormal response to painful stimuli reflects severe neurological impairment rather than seizure activity.
B. Administering a PRN analgesic is inappropriate because the observed posturing is a neurological sign, not a pain-related behavior. Giving analgesics will not address the underlying issue.
C. Reporting the finding to the healthcare provider is the correct action. The described response—pulling the arms inward with flexion at the elbows and wrists and extending the legs with downward-pointed toes—is decorticate (arms flexed) and decerebrate (arms extended) posturing, which indicates severe brain injury or damage to the brainstem. This is a critical, time-sensitive neurological finding that requires immediate evaluation and intervention by the healthcare provider.
D. Documenting the purposeful response to pain is incorrect. The response described is not purposeful; it is abnormal posturing indicating severe neurologic compromise. Accurate documentation is important, but the urgent priority is to notify the provider.
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