An older man tells a nurse. "The doctor says I have something wrong with my eyes, something called presbyopia. Can you explain why I have this? I was always fortunate to have good eyesight." The nurse formulates a response based on the knowledge that:
The lens of the eye loses elasticity causing a loss of focus for near objects.
The cornea of the eye becomes thicker and less curved causing an increase in astigmatism.
The cornea of the eye forms a gray ring at the edges.
The lens of the eye increases in opacity causing a decrease in light refraction.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Presbyopia is an age-related condition in which the lens of the eye loses elasticity, making it difficult to focus on near objects—this is the most accurate explanation of the condition.
B. Changes in the cornea that increase astigmatism can occur with age, but this is not the cause of presbyopia.
C. A gray ring around the cornea (arcus senilis) is a normal age-related change but is unrelated to presbyopia.
D. An increase in lens opacity refers to cataracts, which is a different condition that affects overall vision, not specifically near vision.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
A. Strict control of blood glucose levelshelps prevent damage to the retinal blood vessels and is essential in slowing the progressionof diabetic retinopathy.
B. Laser photocoagulation treatmentsare a common and effective intervention used to halt or slow the progressionof diabetic retinopathy by sealing leaking vessels and reducing abnormal blood vessel growth.
C. A diet high in beta-caroteneis more beneficial for general eye health (e.g., in age-related macular degeneration), but it does not preventdiabetic retinopathy progression.
D. Wearing sunglassesprotects the eyes from UV light but does not influence the progressionof diabetic retinopathy, which is related to internal vascular changes due to diabetes.
E. Controlling blood pressure and cholesterolis critical in managing overall vascular health and is strongly linked to slowing progressionof diabetic retinopathy.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Cataractscause gradual, painless vision loss and are not an emergency; they require elective surgical correction.
B. Acute angle closure glaucomais a true ophthalmologic emergency. It involves sudden increase in intraocular pressure, causing severe eye pain, blurred vision, halos, headache, nausea, and can lead to permanent vision loss if not treated immediately.
C. Diabetic macular edema (DME)is serious but typically progresses graduallyand is not emergent.
D. Wet age-related macular degenerationis more urgent than dry AMD but is still not classified as an emergency, although prompt treatment is important to prevent further vision loss.
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