Applying a bitter substance to the nails for people who tend to bite their nails is a form of which type of therapy?
Role modeling
Aversion therapy
Milieu therapy
Desensitization therapy
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Role modeling involves demonstrating positive behaviors for others to emulate, often used in social learning. It does not involve applying negative stimuli like bitter substances to deter behaviors. Nail-biting treatment requires a direct intervention to discourage the habit, making this choice scientifically inappropriate.
Choice B reason: Aversion therapy uses an unpleasant stimulus, like a bitter substance, to create a negative association with an undesired behavior, such as nail-biting. This behavioral technique aims to reduce the behavior through conditioning, aligning with the described intervention, making this the correct choice for the therapy type.
Choice C reason: Milieu therapy focuses on creating a therapeutic environment to promote mental health, not targeting specific behaviors like nail-biting. It involves group dynamics and structured settings, not aversive stimuli. This approach is unrelated to the described intervention, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Desensitization therapy gradually exposes individuals to anxiety-provoking stimuli to reduce fear, commonly used for phobias. It does not involve aversive stimuli to deter behaviors like nail-biting. This therapy is unrelated to the described intervention, making it an incorrect choice for this scenario.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: HIPAA requires signed patient consent for releasing medical information to third parties, ensuring patient autonomy and confidentiality. This legal standard applies to mental health records, protecting sensitive data, making this the correct choice for information release.
Choice B reason: Verbal consent, even with a guardian, is insufficient under HIPAA, which mandates written authorization for protected health information. This ensures clear documentation, making this choice incorrect, as written consent is the legal standard.
Choice C reason: Psychiatrist approval does not replace patient consent for releasing information. HIPAA prioritizes patient authorization, and provider approval alone violates privacy regulations, making this choice incorrect for legal information release protocols.
Choice D reason: Health care team permission is irrelevant to releasing information, as only the patient’s signed consent is legally required. Team collaboration does not override HIPAA’s patient-centered consent rules, making this choice incorrect.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is reserved for severe, treatment-resistant depression or acute suicidal ideation, not general hopelessness. It involves significant risks and requires specialist oversight, making it inappropriate as a first-line intervention for this symptom, which can be addressed with less invasive methods.
Choice B reason: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) targets negative thought patterns, such as hopelessness, by restructuring cognitions, a core feature of depression. Evidence-based for mood disorders, CBT reduces symptoms through structured interventions, making it the most appropriate choice for addressing hopelessness in a mental health assessment.
Choice C reason: High-dose benzodiazepines treat acute anxiety or agitation, not hopelessness, which is a depressive symptom. They risk sedation and dependence without addressing cognitive distortions, making them inappropriate for this symptom and contrary to evidence-based psychiatric nursing practice.
Choice D reason: Avoiding social interactions may worsen hopelessness by increasing isolation, a risk factor for depression. Evidence-based practice encourages social engagement to improve mood and support networks, making this intervention counterproductive and incorrect for addressing the patient’s reported symptom.
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