Clubbing of the nails is a sign of (a)
Melanoma
Lung Disorder
Digestive Disorder
Anemia
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Melanoma affects the skin and can involve nail pigmentation changes, but it does not cause clubbing.
B. Clubbing of the nails—characterized by bulbous enlargement of the fingertips and downward curving of the nails—is commonly associated with chronic hypoxia from conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, cystic fibrosis, or other chronic lung diseases. It results from prolonged low oxygen levels, which stimulate changes in the soft tissue beneath the nail bed.
C. Digestive Disorder is not typically associated with nail clubbing, though some gastrointestinal diseases may rarely contribute indirectly.
D. Anemia can cause pale or brittle nails but does not lead to the distinct clubbing seen in chronic hypoxia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Eversion refers to turning the sole of the foot outward and is unrelated to shoulder movement.
B. Lateral rotation involves rotating a limb away from the midline along its long axis, not lifting it sideways.
C. Elevation is the upward movement of a body part, such as shrugging the shoulders, not moving the arm laterally.
D. Abduction is the movement of the upper limb away from the midline of the body at the shoulder joint, such as raising the arms sideways to form a “T” shape with the torso. This action increases the angle between the arm and the body.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Apocrine glands are located mainly in the axillae, groin, and around the nipples. They become active during puberty and secrete a thicker sweat that is more related to emotional stress, not temperature regulation.
B. Eccrine glands are the primary sweat glands responsible for thermoregulation. They are distributed widely across the body and secrete watery sweat, which cools the body through evaporation, making them the most important for maintaining core temperature.
C. Sebaceous glands secrete sebum (oil) that lubricates skin and hair but have no role in temperature control.
D. Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream and regulate many processes (such as metabolism and growth), but they are not directly responsible for cooling the body through heat dissipation.
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