Which type of joint provides the greatest range of motion?
hinge
condyloid
ball-and-socket
saddle joint
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Hinge joints, like the elbow and knee, allow movement in only one plane (flexion and extension) and therefore have a limited range of motion.
B. Condyloid joints, such as the wrist, permit movement in two planes (flexion/extension and abduction/adduction) but do not allow full rotation.
C. Ball-and-socket joints, including the shoulder and hip, consist of a spherical head fitting into a cup-like cavity, allowing movement in multiple planes—flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction—providing the greatest range of motion of all joint types.
D. Saddle joints, like the thumb carpometacarpal joint, allow movement in two planes with some rotation but still offer less overall mobility than ball-and-socket joints.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Humerus is the long bone of the upper arm, extending from the shoulder to the elbow. While it is long and strong, it is not the longest bone in the body.
B. Ulna is one of the two forearm bones, located on the medial side (little finger side). It is relatively slender and much shorter than the femur.
C. Known as the shin bone, it is the second longest bone in the body and bears most of the body’s weight in the lower leg. However, it is still shorter than the femur.
D. The femur, or thigh bone, extends from the hip to the knee and is the longest, strongest, and heaviest bone in the human body. It supports much of the body’s weight, allows locomotion, and provides attachment points for many large muscles.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Osteoblasts are specialized bone-forming cells responsible for producing new bone tissue. They secrete collagen and other components of the bone matrix and play a vital role in bone growth, repair, and remodeling. Once trapped in the matrix they secrete, osteoblasts mature into osteocytes.
B. This is a soft tissue found inside bones that is involved in the production of blood cells (red, white, and platelets in red marrow) and fat storage (in yellow marrow). It is not a type of bone cell.
C. These are large, multinucleated cells responsible for bone resorption (breaking down bone tissue). They work in balance with osteoblasts to remodel and maintain healthy bone structure.
D. Osteocytes are mature bone cells that originate from osteoblasts once they become embedded in the bone matrix. They maintain bone tissue but do not actively form new bone.
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