Considering the DSM-5 classification, which neurocognitive disorder is most likely to progress rapidly?
Delirium
Major neurocognitive disorder
Vascular dementia
Neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's disease
The Correct Answer is A
A. Delirium is characterized by a sudden onset of cognitive impairment and fluctuating consciousness, often developing over hours to days. It is considered an acute neurocognitive disorder and can progress rapidly if the underlying cause (e.g., infection, medication, metabolic imbalance) is not identified and treated promptly. Delirium is potentially reversible with timely intervention.
B. Major neurocognitive disorder is a general DSM-5 term for significant cognitive decline from a previous level of functioning. While it indicates severe impairment, it usually develops gradually over months to years, rather than rapidly.
C. Vascular dementia results from cerebrovascular disease. Its progression can be stepwise rather than sudden, with cognitive decline occurring gradually after strokes or vascular events.
D. Neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer’s disease progresses slowly over years. Early stages involve subtle memory loss and cognitive changes, with gradual worsening over time.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This would only provide 20 mg, which is less than half of the required dose.
B. Step 1: Use the formula- Volume to administer (mL) = Desired dose ÷ Concentration. Step 2: Insert known values: Desired dose = 50 mg, Concentration = 20 mg/mL. Volume to administer = 50 ÷ 20. Volume to administer = 2.5 mL.
C. This would provide 40 mg (20 mg X 2), leaving the patient under-medicated.
D. This would provide 100 mg (20 mg X 5), which is double the prescribed dose and could lead to toxicity.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Helping the child express their feelings is important, but it is a secondary benefit of the therapeutic relationship rather than the primary purpose. While expression of emotions is facilitated, the foundation of the relationship is deeper.
B. Focusing on strengths to increase self-esteem is valuable in nursing care, but it is not the central reason for establishing a therapeutic relationship. This intervention complements but does not define the relationship itself.
C. Providing an outlet for tension is a positive outcome, yet it is one aspect of emotional support rather than the primary rationale for forming a therapeutic relationship.
D. Acceptance and trust convey feelings of security to the child is correct. therapeutic relationship in pediatric nursing emphasizes that a therapeutic relationship establishes a safe, trusting environment, which is essential for children experiencing stress or emotional turmoil, such as during parental divorce. Through consistency, trust, and acceptance, the child feels secure enough to explore feelings, process experiences, and develop coping skills. Security and trust form the foundation that allows all other supportive interventions to be effective.
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