Cystic fibrosis (CF) is suspected in a toddler. Which test is essential in establishing this diagnosis?
Bronchoscopy
Serum calcium
Urine creatinine
Sweat chloride test
The Correct Answer is D
This test measures the amount of chloride in the sweat, which is abnormally high in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). CF is an inherited disorder that affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat, and digestive juices.
Choice A is wrong because bronchoscopy is a procedure that allows the doctor to examine the airways and lungs, but it is not essential for diagnosing CF.
Choice B is wrong because serum calcium is a blood test that measures the level of calcium in the blood, which is not related to CF.
Choice C is wrong because urine creatinine is a test that measures the amount of creatinine in the urine, which reflects the kidney function, but it is not relevant to CF.
Normal ranges for sweat chloride test are:
- Less than 40 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) for children and adults
- Less than 30 mmol/L for infants younger than 6 months
A sweat chloride level of more than 60 mmol/L is considered positive for CF.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Swimming is one of the best sports for people with hemophilia because it strengthens the muscles without putting stress on the joints. Swimming is also recommended by most sports physicians and hematologists for patients with hemophilia.
Choice A is wrong because soccer is a contact sport that can cause injuries and bleeding episodes in people with hemophilia. Soccer is not recommended by most sports physicians or hematologists for patients with hemophilia.
Choice C is wrong because basketball is also a contact sport that can lead to injuries and bleeding episodes in people with hemophilia. Basketball may be safe for young children, but the risk increases with the intensity of the game.
Choice D is wrong because football is a collision sport that can cause severe injuries and bleeding episodes in people with hemophilia. Football is not recommended by most sports physicians or hematologists for patients with hemophilia.
Normal ranges for hemophilia are:
- Mild hemophilia: 5% to 40% of normal clotting factor
- Moderate hemophilia: 1% to 5% of normal clotting factor
Severe hemophilia: less than 1% of normal clotting factor
Correct Answer is ["B","D"]
Explanation
Sleepiness or fatigue and puffiness around the eyes are symptoms associated with hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, which regulate the body’s metabolism and energy levels.
Choice A is wrong because weight loss is more likely to occur in hyperthyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormones.
Choice C is wrong because diarrhea is also more likely to occur in hyperthyroidism, as the excess thyroid hormones speed up the digestive system.
Choice E is wrong because limited hair growth is not a specific symptom of hypothyroidism. Hair loss or thinning may occur in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, depending on the severity and duration of the condition.
Normal ranges for thyroid hormones are:
- TSH: 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L
- T3: 100 to 200 ng/dL
- T4: 4.5 to 11.2 mcg/dL
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