Enzymes that function inside a cell are
apoenzymes.
exoenzymes.
constitutive enzymes.
regulated enzymes.
endoenzymes.
The Correct Answer is E
A. Apoenzymes: Apoenzymes are the protein portion of an enzyme that require a cofactor to become active; this term describes part of an enzyme rather than its cellular location or whether it functions inside the cell.
B. Exoenzymes: Exoenzymes are secreted outside the cell to act on extracellular substrates; this term indicates extracellular action rather than intracellular function.
C. Constitutive enzymes: Constitutive enzymes are produced continuously at a fairly constant rate regardless of substrate presence; this describes regulation, not specifically intracellular location.
D. Regulated enzymes: Regulated enzymes change their level or activity in response to environmental conditions or signals; this term refers to control mechanisms rather than being intrinsically intracellular.
E. Endoenzymes: Endoenzymes function within the cell (intracellular enzymes) to catalyze metabolic reactions inside the cytoplasm or organelles.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Dry heat: Dry heat at sufficiently high temperature and long exposure (for example, 160–170 °C for prolonged periods) can destroy endospores by oxidizing cellular components, though it requires more time than moist heat.
B. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers: Alcohols are effective against many vegetative bacteria and some viruses but do not reliably destroy bacterial endospores.
C. Steam under pressure (autoclave): Autoclaving uses moist heat at high pressure and temperature (typically 121 °C at 15 psi) to reliably inactivate endospores by denaturing proteins and nucleic acids.
D. Boiling in water for 10 minutes: Boiling kills many vegetative organisms but does not reliably inactivate heat-resistant endospores within that time frame.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Aerobe: An aerobe requires oxygen for growth or grows optimally in the presence of oxygen; this does not indicate tolerance for oxygen-free conditions.
B. Obligate aerobe: An obligate aerobe requires oxygen and cannot grow in oxygen-free environments.
C. Facultative anaerobe: A facultative anaerobe can grow in the presence of oxygen (using aerobic respiration) and also grow without oxygen (by fermentation or anaerobic respiration), making it able to exist in both conditions.
D. Microaerophile: A microaerophile requires oxygen at lower-than-atmospheric concentrations and generally does not grow in oxygen-free environments.
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