In prokaryotes, the chromosomal DNA is typically
linear
circular
many separated pieces
single-stranded
The Correct Answer is B
A. Linear: Linear chromosomes occur in eukaryotes and some bacteria/archaea rarely, but this is not the most common arrangement in prokaryotes.
B. Circular: Most prokaryotic chromosomes are circular DNA molecules lacking membrane-bound nuclei, forming a closed loop that compacts in the nucleoid region.
C. Many separated pieces: Some bacteria have plasmids or multiple replicons, but the typical prokaryotic chromosome is a single circular molecule rather than many separated chromosomal pieces.
D. Single-stranded: Prokaryotic chromosomal DNA is double-stranded, not single-stranded.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Parasitic: A parasitic relationship benefits the microbe at the host’s expense and typically causes harm; producing vitamin K for the host does not fit the parasitic definition.
B. Saprobic: Saprobic organisms obtain nutrients from dead or decaying organic matter (decomposers); intestinal E. coli living on host-derived substrates and contributing vitamins are not acting as saprobes.
C. Antagonistic: Antagonistic interactions involve one organism inhibiting another (competition or antimicrobial production); the described vitamin-producing relationship does not reflect antagonism.
D. Mutualistic: Mutualism describes a relationship where both partners benefit — E. coli gains a habitat and nutrients while the host gains vitamin K — which fits this scenario.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. It is a structural component of ribosomes: That describes rRNA rather than mRNA.
B. It carries genetic information from DNA for the purpose of synthesizing a polypeptide (protein): Messenger RNA conveys the coding sequence from DNA to the ribosome where it directs polypeptide assembly.
C. It contains an anticodon: Anticodons are features of tRNA that pair with mRNA codons; mRNA contains codons, not anticodons.
D. The ribose of its nucleotides is missing an oxygen: Missing an oxygen on the 2′ carbon describes deoxyribose in DNA nucleotides; RNA nucleotides (including mRNA) have ribose with the 2′ oxygen present.
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