For the body to maintain an acid-base balance, which of the following is (are) necessary?
Buffering
Respirations
Urine secretion
All of the above
The Correct Answer is D
A. Buffering: Chemical buffers in the blood (like the bicarbonate system) provide the first line of defense against pH changes.
B. Respirations: The lungs help regulate pH by exhaling or retaining carbon dioxide (CO2), which is acidic.
C. Urine secretion: The kidneys maintain long-term balance by excreting hydrogen ions (H+) and reabsorbing bicarbonate.
D. All of the above: The body requires the integrated action of chemical buffers, the respiratory system, and the urinary system to maintain a stable pH.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. weaker the contraction: This is the opposite of the law; a lack of stretch usually results in a weaker stroke volume.
B. slower the heart rate: Starling's Law deals with stroke volume (the force of the pump), not the electrical timing of the heart rate.
C. faster the heart rate: Heart rate is primarily controlled by the SA node and the autonomic nervous system, not fiber stretch.
D. stronger the contraction: Also known as the Frank-Starling mechanism, this law states that the more the cardiac muscle is stretched (due to increased blood filling the heart), the more forcefully it will contract to pump that blood out.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. taste: Taste impulses are carried by the facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves.
B. equilibrium: Balance/equilibrium is handled by the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII).
C. smell: The olfactory nerve (CN I) and its tracts are dedicated exclusively to the sense of olfaction (smell).
D. pain: Pain is a general sense carried by various nerves, most notably the trigeminal nerve for the face.
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