Grant has a condition in which his immune system has attacked and destroyed his thyroid gland. This is an example of a(n)
autoimmune disease
tissue rejection reaction
secondary immune response
type IV hypersensitivity
The Correct Answer is A
A. autoimmune disease: when the immune system targets the body’s own tissues (e.g., Hashimoto thyroiditis), it is classified as an autoimmune disease.
B. tissue rejection reaction: tissue rejection refers to immune attack against a transplanted (non-self) organ, not the person’s own tissue.
C. secondary immune response: a secondary immune response refers to the heightened response on re-exposure to an antigen (memory response), not self-destruction of an organ.
D. type IV hypersensitivity: some autoimmune diseases involve cell-mediated (type IV) mechanisms, but autoimmune disease is the broader correct classification; not all autoimmune thyroid destruction is exclusively type IV.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. AV node: The impulse travels from the SA node through atrial pathways to the AV node next—this is the normal sequence.
B. Bundle of His: Comes after the AV node, not immediately after the SA node.
C. Purkinje fibers: Terminal conduction fibers in the ventricles; far downstream from the SA node.
D. AV bundle: Another name for the Bundle of His, which still comes after the AV node.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. It causes extreme depression of the respiratory rate: CO binds hemoglobin and impairs O₂ delivery; respiratory depression is not the primary danger
B. It drastically decreases the pH of the blood: CO poisoning does not primarily cause a dramatic blood pH drop
C. It binds to the oxygen-binding site on hemoglobin, so the O₂-carrying ability of the blood is reduced: CO binds avidly to hemoglobin’s heme sites, displacing O₂ and reducing oxygen carriage and delivery
D. It triggers hyperventilation, causing a severe drop in PCO₂ and increase in blood pH: Hyperventilation is not the main mechanism of CO toxicity
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