In a family therapy session, the therapist notes that the mother and oldest daughter seem to align against the father. The father and son, who is the youngest child in the family, align with each other against the mother. What are these family alliances examples of?
Locked roles
Triangles
Intergenerational dysfunction
Enactments
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Locked roles refer to rigid, repetitive patterns of behavior within family systems that limit flexibility and growth. While they may be present, they do not specifically describe the shifting alliances or coalitions seen in this scenario.
Choice B reason: Triangles are a concept from Bowenian family therapy describing a three-person relationship system. When tension arises between two people, a third is often drawn in to stabilize the relationship. The described alliances—mother and daughter vs. father, and father and son vs. mother—are classic examples of triangulation used to manage family stress.
Choice C reason: Intergenerational dysfunction refers to patterns of behavior, trauma, or relational issues passed down through generations. While it may underlie the current dynamics, it does not specifically describe the immediate alliance patterns observed in the session.
Choice D reason: Enactments are therapeutic techniques where family members act out roles or scenarios to reveal underlying dynamics. The alliances described are not enactments initiated by the therapist but naturally occurring relational patterns.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: The sensorimotor stage occurs from birth to approximately 2 years of age and involves learning through sensory experiences and motor actions. All adults have passed this stage.
Choice B reason: The preoperational stage spans ages 2 to 7 and is characterized by symbolic thinking and egocentrism. Adults universally progress beyond this stage.
Choice C reason: The concrete operational stage (ages 7–11) involves logical thinking about concrete events. Most adults reach and surpass this stage.
Choice D reason: The formal operational stage begins around age 11 and involves abstract reasoning, hypothetical thinking, and deductive logic. Piaget acknowledged that not all adults develop this level of cognitive functioning, especially if their environment does not demand it.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Neural tube defects are commonly associated with folate deficiency and medications like valproic acid or carbamazepine, not lithium.
Choice B reason: Ebstein's anomaly is a congenital heart defect involving the tricuspid valve and is the most well-documented teratogenic risk associated with lithium exposure during the first trimester. It is rare but serious, making this the correct answer.
Choice C reason: Cleft palate is associated with various teratogens, including phenytoin and alcohol, but not typically with lithium.
Choice D reason: Floppy baby syndrome refers to hypotonia in infants and is most commonly linked to maternal benzodiazepine use, not lithium.
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