In an inpatient detox unit, which benzodiazepine is most appropriate for managing alcohol withdrawal symptoms in a patient with comorbid hepatic disease?
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
Diazepam (Valium)
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Lorazepam is preferred in patients with hepatic impairment because it is metabolized through conjugation rather than oxidation. This makes it safer and more predictable in individuals with liver dysfunction. It is effective in managing alcohol withdrawal symptoms without accumulating toxic metabolites.
Choice B reason: Chlordiazepoxide is metabolized hepatically and has a long half-life. In patients with liver disease, it can accumulate and increase the risk of sedation and toxicity. It is generally avoided in hepatic impairment.
Choice C reason: Clonazepam is also metabolized by the liver and has a long half-life. It is not typically used for alcohol withdrawal and poses risks in hepatic disease.
Choice D reason: Diazepam is highly lipophilic and extensively metabolized by the liver. It has active metabolites that can accumulate in hepatic dysfunction, increasing the risk of oversedation and respiratory depression. It is not recommended in this context.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This response reflects a core principle of motivational interviewing—expressing empathy and highlighting ambivalence. It validates the client’s conflicting feelings and opens the door for deeper exploration of values and goals, which can enhance motivation for change.
Choice B reason: This response is confrontational and may provoke defensiveness. Motivational interviewing avoids judgment and instead fosters collaboration and self-reflection.
Choice C reason: This statement is shaming and accusatory. It undermines the supportive tone of motivational interviewing and may damage rapport, reducing the likelihood of behavior change.
Choice D reason: While honesty is important, this directive approach lacks the client-centered spirit of motivational interviewing. It imposes a solution rather than guiding the client to discover their own motivation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: The t-test is used to compare the means of two groups. It is not suitable for analyzing differences among three or more groups, as it increases the risk of Type I error when used repeatedly.
Choice B reason: Pearson’s r correlation measures the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables. It does not test group differences.
Choice C reason: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is the appropriate statistical test for comparing means across three or more groups. It determines whether there are statistically significant differences among group means and controls for error rates.
Choice D reason: Probability is a general concept in statistics and not a specific inferential test. It underlies statistical reasoning but does not directly test group differences.
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