In pregnancy, what condition is marked by elevated blood pressure, protein in the urine, and is associated with swelling?

A. Performing minimal physical activity is linked to a higher risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, and premature mortality. Sedentary behavior does not promote longevity.

B. Engaging in at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity most days of the week improves cardiovascular health, strengthens muscles and bones, supports weight management, reduces stress, and decreases the risk of chronic diseases, all of which contribute to a longer, healthier life.

C. Maintaining a healthy sleep schedule is essential for physiological restoration, cognitive function, hormonal regulation, immune system support, and cardiovascular health. Chronic sleep deprivation or irregular sleep patterns can increase the risk of obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and reduced lifespan.

D. Consuming a high-fat diet, particularly one high in saturated and trans fats, is associated with obesity, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders, which negatively affect longevity. A balanced diet with healthy fats, such as unsaturated fats from fish, nuts, and olive oil, is recommended instead.

E. Avoiding smoking reduces the risk of lung disease, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Smoking is one of the leading preventable causes of premature death, so abstaining from tobacco use significantly supports longevity.

A. Swiss cheese is very high in calcium and supports bone health, but it is an animal-derived product. Vegans avoid all dairy products, so Swiss cheese would not be appropriate for a vegan client. Regular consumption could also increase saturated fat intake, which is another consideration for overall health.

B. Yogurt is a good source of calcium, protein, and probiotics, but it is also a dairy product and therefore excluded from a vegan diet. Non-dairy fortified alternatives like soy, almond, or oat yogurt could be considered, but plain dairy yogurt itself is not vegan-friendly.

C. Collard greens are a plant-based food rich in calcium, making them an excellent choice for vegans. One cup of cooked collard greens provides roughly 266 mg of calcium, along with vitamins A, C, K, and dietary fiber. Other calcium-rich plant sources include kale, bok choy, turnip greens, fortified plant milks, tofu set with calcium salts, almonds, and sesame seeds. While plant-based calcium may be slightly less bioavailable than dairy calcium, a varied diet with multiple sources can meet daily requirements. Incorporating these foods supports bone density, nerve function, and overall metabolic health in vegan clients.

D. Sardines are rich in calcium, especially because of their edible bones, and also provide vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids. However, they are an animal product and therefore not suitable for a vegan diet.