What is key to the prevention of chronic disease?
5-6 hours of sleep each night
Maintain healthy body weight and composition
Two drinks of alcohol per day for everyone
Physical activity weekly
The Correct Answer is B
A. While adequate sleep is important for overall health, 5–6 hours per night is generally insufficient for most adults. Chronic sleep deprivation can actually increase the risk of chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
B. Maintaining a healthy body weight and composition is a cornerstone of chronic disease prevention. Excess body fat, particularly visceral fat, is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and certain cancers. A balanced diet combined with regular physical activity supports healthy weight and reduces chronic disease risk.
C. Alcohol consumption is not universally protective and can increase the risk of liver disease, certain cancers, and cardiovascular problems. Health guidelines do not recommend two drinks per day for everyone.
D. Physical activity is important for chronic disease prevention; however, it is most effective when combined with maintaining a healthy body weight and overall healthy lifestyle habits. Simply being physically active without attention to diet and weight may not fully prevent chronic disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Calcification refers specifically to the deposition of calcium salts into bone or other tissues. While it is a part of bone formation, it does not encompass the full process of breaking down and rebuilding bone.
B. Bone remodeling is the continuous process in which old or damaged bone tissue is broken down by osteoclasts and replaced with new bone tissue by osteoblasts. This process maintains bone strength, repairs micro-damage, and regulates calcium levels in the body. Remodeling occurs throughout life and is essential for skeletal integrity, adapting bone structure to mechanical stress, and supporting mineral homeostasis.
C. Demineralization is the loss of minerals, primarily calcium, from bone, which weakens bone structure. While it occurs during remodeling, it is not the complete process of both breakdown and rebuilding.
D. Bone growth refers to the increase in bone size or length during development, especially in children and adolescents. Growth primarily occurs at growth plates and is distinct from the remodeling process that continues throughout life.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Bone tissue is composed of osteocytes, which are mature bone cells embedded in a mineralized matrix. Osteocytes help maintain bone structure, regulate mineral content, and communicate with other bone cells to support bone remodeling and repair. Bone tissue provides structural support, protects vital organs, facilitates movement by serving as attachment sites for muscles, and stores minerals such as calcium and phosphorus.
B. Liver tissue is made up of hepatocytes, not osteocytes. The liver functions in metabolism, detoxification, and bile production, rather than providing structural support like bone tissue.
C. Lymph is a fluid tissue composed of lymphocytes and other immune cells, not osteocytes. It plays a role in immune defense and fluid balance, not skeletal support.
D. Blood is a connective tissue composed of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets suspended in plasma. It does not contain osteocytes and functions primarily in transport of oxygen, nutrients, waste, and immune cells.
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