Kelly is a 22-year-old woman who was involved in a motor vehicle accident (MVA) 1 year ago. She now presents to the mental health clinic with her mother, who complains that Kelly's personality has changed drastically in the past year. Upon thorough examination, Kelly most likely has experienced an injury to which part of her brain?
Occipital lobe
Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Temporal lobe
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: The occipital lobe primarily processes visual information; injury here would result in visual deficits rather than changes in personality.
Choice B reason: The frontal lobe is responsible for personality, executive functioning, judgment, and emotional regulation. Damage to this area, such as from a traumatic brain injury, can cause significant personality changes, impulsivity, and altered behavior.
Choice C reason: The parietal lobe integrates sensory information and spatial orientation. Damage would affect perception and coordination rather than personality.
Choice D reason: The temporal lobe is associated with memory, hearing, and language comprehension; injury may result in memory deficits or language problems but not dramatic personality changes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Autism spectrum disorder primarily involves deficits in social communication and restricted/repetitive behaviors. While some overlap exists, the primary issue here is broad cognitive impairment affecting adaptive functioning, which is more consistent with intellectual disability.
Choice B reason: Global developmental delay applies to children under age 5 with delays in multiple developmental domains. At age 10, this diagnosis is no longer appropriate; intellectual disability is diagnosed instead.
Choice C reason: This choice is correct because intellectual disability is defined by deficits in intellectual functioning (reasoning, problem-solving, learning) and adaptive functioning (communication, social participation, daily living skills). The description matches both criteria.
Choice D reason: Childhood-onset neurocognitive disorder is generally reserved for disorders like early-onset dementia or acquired cognitive impairments, not congenital or developmental intellectual deficits.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This choice is correct because a YMRS score of 20–29 indicates moderate mania, reflecting significant mood elevation, increased activity, and behavioral disturbances that require monitoring and possibly treatment adjustment.
Choice B reason: Mild mania corresponds to YMRS scores of 12–19, indicating less pronounced symptoms than observed in this patient.
Choice C reason: Severe mania corresponds to YMRS scores of 30 or higher, which would reflect extreme agitation, psychosis, or risk to self/others.
Choice D reason: Minimal mania corresponds to YMRS scores below 12, which does not match the patient’s clinical presentation or score of 25.
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