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Choice A rationale

The nursing process is a systematic, cyclical method used by nurses to identify and address patient health needs. It involves assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation, providing a structured approach to problem-solving and the delivery of individualized care.

Choice B rationale

Standardized protocols offer guidelines for specific conditions but do not encompass the holistic and individualized nature of the entire nursing process. The nursing process allows for adaptation and critical thinking beyond pre-established routines to meet unique patient needs.

Choice C rationale

A legal document defining the scope of practice outlines what nurses are legally allowed to do. While the nursing process guides nursing actions, it is a framework for care delivery rather than a legal definition of professional boundaries.

Choice D rationale

While communication is integral to healthcare, the nursing process is more than just a communication tool. It is a comprehensive framework that guides all aspects of nursing care, from initial assessment to the evaluation of outcomes, involving critical thinking and clinical judgment.

Choice A rationale

Lack of exercise primarily affects the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems and is not a direct cause of fluid volume deficit. While it can indirectly impact overall health, it doesn't typically lead to significant fluid loss.

Choice B rationale

Excessive food intake, especially if high in sodium, can actually lead to fluid volume excess rather than deficit due to osmotic shifts and water retention.

Choice C rationale

Bed rest can lead to some fluid redistribution within the body but does not directly cause a significant loss of total body fluid. Immobility can affect other physiological processes more directly.

Choice D rationale

Excessive gastrointestinal losses, such as vomiting, diarrhea, or drainage from nasogastric tubes or ostomies, directly remove significant amounts of fluid and electrolytes from the body, leading to fluid volume deficit.