Order: LR 500 mL. IV to infuse over 4 hours. What should you set the infusion pump to deliver in mL/hr?

A. ODTS dissolve on the tongue for rapid absorption: Orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) are designed to dissolve quickly in the mouth, allowing faster onset of action through absorption in the oral mucosa. This form is useful for clients who have difficulty swallowing.

B. Enteric-coated medications can be crushed: Enteric-coated tablets are formulated to resist stomach acid and dissolve in the intestine. Crushing them destroys the coating, potentially causing gastric irritation and altering drug absorption.

C. Powdered medications require reconstitution for IV administration: Some medications are supplied in powdered form to maintain stability and sterility. Reconstitution with a compatible diluent is required before IV administration to ensure correct concentration and safe delivery.

D. Enteral medications are given through the digestive tract: Enteral administration includes oral, nasogastric, or gastrostomy routes, delivering medications directly into the gastrointestinal tract for absorption.

E. Parenteral routes are given through the digestive tract: Parenteral administration bypasses the digestive system and involves routes such as intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous injection.

A. Hypotonic solution: Hypotonic fluids cause water to move into cells, which may lead to cellular swelling or hemolysis if infused improperly. They do not directly cause tissue necrosis, blistering, or ulceration at the IV site. Local tissue injury of this severity is not typical.

B. Vitamin infusion: Most vitamin infusions are considered non-vesicant and are diluted to reduce irritation. While mild local irritation may occur, they do not produce the severe tissue damage associated with blistering or ulceration. Tissue necrosis is not an expected effect.

C. Vesicant: Vesicant medications cause severe tissue injury if they leak into surrounding tissue. Extravasation can result in blistering, ulceration, necrosis, and long-term tissue damage due to direct cytotoxic effects. Immediate intervention is required when vesicant extravasation is suspected.

D. Isotonic fluid: Isotonic fluids have a similar osmolarity to plasma and are generally well tolerated by peripheral veins. They do not disrupt cellular integrity or cause local tissue destruction. Blistering and ulceration are not associated with isotonic IV solutions.