Oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported across the plasma membrane by
osmosis
secondary active transport
simple diffusion
channel mediated facilitated diffusion
The Correct Answer is C
A. Osmosis: Osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane, not gases like oxygen or carbon dioxide.
B. Secondary active transport: Secondary active transport uses energy indirectly from an ion gradient to move molecules against their concentration gradient. Oxygen and carbon dioxide move passively.
C. Simple diffusion: Oxygen and carbon dioxide are small, nonpolar molecules that can freely cross the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane. They move down their concentration gradients without the need for energy or transport proteins.
D. Channel-mediated facilitated diffusion: This process requires specific protein channels to transport polar or charged molecules. Since oxygen and carbon dioxide are nonpolar, they do not require channels to diffuse across the membrane.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. On the posterior side of the knee: The popliteal pulse is located behind the knee in the popliteal fossa. It is often deeper and harder to palpate compared to other pulses, but it is the correct site when assessing circulation in the lower extremity.
B. In the distal end of the lower leg: The distal lower leg is where the posterior tibial and dorsalis pedis pulses are assessed. These are important for evaluating foot circulation but are not the same as the popliteal pulse.
C. At the posterior side of the wrist: The posterior wrist is where the radial pulse is palpated. This site is commonly used for routine pulse checks but is unrelated to the popliteal artery location.
D. On the palmar side of the hand: Pulses in the hand can be felt at sites such as the ulnar artery, but these are not associated with the popliteal region. This location is far from the knee and does not correspond to the popliteal pulse point.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Nutrients, water, movement, and reproduction: Movement and reproduction are important functions, but they are not considered fundamental survival needs for maintaining life at the cellular and systemic level.
B. Nutrients, water, growth, and reproduction: Growth is a process that occurs when survival needs are met, but it is not a basic requirement for immediate survival, unlike oxygen or appropriate atmospheric pressure.
C. Nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen: These are essential survival needs. Nutrients and water provide energy and materials for cellular processes, oxygen is required for aerobic metabolism, and atmospheric pressure ensures proper gas exchange in the lungs.
D. Water, atmospheric pressure, growth, and movement: While water and atmospheric pressure are essential, growth and movement are not immediate survival needs and do not directly sustain life functions.
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