Preterm infants are at greatest risk for.
perinatal mortality.
asphyxia.
cardiovascular complications.
prematurity-related complications.
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. While perinatal mortality is higher in preterm infants compared with term infants, it is a consequence rather than a direct risk factor.
B. Asphyxia can occur in both term and preterm infants and is not specific to prematurity.
C. Cardiovascular complications may arise but are only one aspect of the broader risks associated with prematurity.
D. Prematurity-related complications encompass the full spectrum of health risks preterm infants face, including respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, thermoregulation difficulties, feeding intolerance, and infection susceptibility. These complications are directly related to the immaturity of organ systems in infants born before 37 weeks’ gestation, making them the most comprehensive risk category.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Neutrophils are typically elevated in bacterial infections, not viral infections.
B. Lymphocytes often increase in response to viral infections, so an elevated lymphocyte count supports the suspicion of a viral etiology.
C. Eosinophils are primarily associated with allergic reactions and parasitic infections.
D. Basophils are involved in inflammatory and allergic responses but are not a primary indicator of viral infection.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Recent fluid intake provides context for overall hydration but does not directly determine the safety of adding potassium.
B. Urinary output must be assessed before adding potassium to IV fluids because adequate renal function is essential for potassium excretion. Administering potassium to a patient with low or absent urine output can lead to hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.
C. Capillary refill helps assess perfusion and dehydration but does not indicate the patient’s ability to excrete potassium.
D. Last bowel movement is not relevant to potassium administration in IV fluids, as potassium is primarily excreted via the kidneys rather than the gastrointestinal tract.
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