Prior to chemical tests for glycosuria, clinicians checked for sweetness of the urine as a sign of

A. Posterior pituitary releases hormones such as ADH (antidiuretic hormone), but it does not have aldosterone receptors.

B. Proximal convoluted tubule is involved in reabsorption, but it does not have aldosterone receptors.

C. Distal convoluted tubule: Aldosterone receptors are found in the cells of the distal convoluted tubule. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in this part of the nephron, which helps regulate blood pressure and electrolyte balance.

D. Adrenal medulla produces catecholamines (e.g., adrenaline) but does not contain aldosterone receptors.

A. Their filtration rate: Both types of nephrons have similar filtration rates; the difference lies primarily in their structure and location.

B. Their location within the renal cortex: Cortical nephrons are located primarily in the renal cortex, while juxtamedullary nephrons are located closer to the medulla and have long loops of Henle that extend deep into the medulla.

C. The size of their renal corpuscle: The renal corpuscle size does not differ significantly between cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons.

D. Whether they drain into a collecting duct or directly into the renal pelvis: All nephrons drain into a collecting duct; none drain directly into the renal pelvis.