Proof that a microbe could cause disease was provided by
Pasteur.
Lister.
Koch.
Wasserman.
Semmelweis
The Correct Answer is C
A. Pasteur: Louis Pasteur demonstrated that microorganisms are responsible for fermentation and spoilage, supporting the germ theory of disease. He developed vaccines for diseases like rabies and anthrax, but he did not formally establish the experimental criteria proving that a specific microbe causes a specific disease.
B. Lister: Joseph Lister introduced antiseptic surgical techniques using carbolic acid to reduce postoperative infections. His work applied germ theory to clinical practice but did not provide the experimental proof linking individual microbes to specific diseases.
C. Koch: Robert Koch formulated Koch’s postulates, a set of criteria that provide experimental proof that a particular microorganism causes a specific disease. By isolating the microbe, reproducing the disease in a susceptible host, and re-isolating the same organism, he established causation.
D. Wasserman: August von Wasserman developed the Wasserman test for syphilis, a diagnostic tool for detecting infection. While important in serology, his work did not establish causation between microbes and disease.
E. Semmelweis: Ignaz Semmelweis advocated hand hygiene to reduce puerperal fever in obstetric clinics. His observations linked contaminated hands to disease transmission, but he did not experimentally prove that a specific microorganism caused a specific disease.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Kingdom → Class → Phylum → Order → Family → Genus → Species: This sequence incorrectly orders the taxonomic ranks because Phylum precedes Class in the hierarchical system. Classifying organisms requires moving from broadest to most specific, beginning with Kingdom, followed by Phylum, not Class.
B. Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species: Kingdom is the most inclusive category, followed by Phylum, which groups organisms with similar body plans. Class, Order, and Family progressively narrow the classification, while Genus groups closely related species, and Species represents the most specific level, defining a single, reproductively isolated population.
C. Kingdom → Order → Class → Family → Genus → Phylum → Species: This sequence disrupts the proper hierarchical flow by placing Order before Class and Phylum after Genus, which contradicts the structured progression from broad to specific categories.
D. Species → Genus → Family → Order → Class → Phylum → Kingdom: This sequence lists the taxonomic ranks in reverse order, moving from the most specific (Species) to the most inclusive (Kingdom). While it represents a hierarchy, it does not represent the sequence from most inclusive to most specific.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
In biological classification, taxonomy follows a hierarchical structure where each level is nested within the level above it. The hierarchy from most general to most specific is: domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. If two organisms belong to the same order, they are automatically part of the same class, because an order cannot exist outside of a single class. This ensures that organisms grouped in an order share broader characteristics defined at the class level. Understanding this hierarchy is essential for studying evolutionary relationships and organizing the diversity of life systematically.
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