Protozoan motility structures include
cilia.
flagella
pseudopods.
cilia and pseudopods only.
cilia, flagella, and pseudopods.
The Correct Answer is E
A. Cilia: Cilia are short, hair-like projections that cover the surface of some protozoa. They beat in coordinated waves to facilitate locomotion and help direct food particles toward the oral groove. Ciliary movement allows protozoa such as Paramecium to navigate aquatic environments efficiently.
B. Flagella: Flagella are long, whip-like appendages that provide motility to certain protozoa, including Euglena. The undulating motion of flagella propels the organism through liquid environments, enabling it to seek nutrients and favorable conditions.
C. Pseudopods: Pseudopods are temporary cytoplasmic extensions formed by the flow of cytoplasm. Protozoa such as Amoeba use pseudopods for movement and phagocytosis, allowing them to engulf food particles and migrate toward stimuli.
D. Cilia and pseudopods only: While some protozoa possess cilia and pseudopods, this option excludes flagella, which are a common motility structure in many protozoan species. Limiting motility to only these two structures does not represent the full range observed in protozoa.
E. Cilia, flagella, and pseudopods: Protozoan motility encompasses all three structures. Different species utilize one or more of these mechanisms depending on their morphology and ecological niche. Cilia, flagella, and pseudopods collectively allow protozoa to move, capture food, and respond to environmental stimuli.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Viroids are the smallest known infectious pathogens and are composed solely of a short strand of circular, single-stranded RNA that lacks a protein coat (capsid). Because they do not have this protective protein shell, they are described as "naked" RNA molecules. Unlike viruses, which can infect a wide range of organisms, viroids are known exclusively to infect higher plants, where they can cause significant agricultural damage by interfering with plant growth and development.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Viruses cannot be “cured” in the same way bacterial infections can be treated with antibiotics. Antibiotics target specific structures or processes in bacteria, such as cell walls or protein synthesis, which viruses lack. Viral infections are managed with antiviral medications that inhibit replication or reduce symptoms, but these treatments do not completely eradicate all viruses from the body in many cases. In contrast, bacterial infections can often be fully eliminated with appropriate antibiotics. Vaccines can prevent viral infections, but once a virus has established infection, there is no universal cure comparable to antibiotics for bacteria.
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