Proteins from most plant sources such as grains, nuts, and legumes (beans, not soybeans) are called:

Complex proteins

Incomplete proteins

Complete proteins

Simple proteins

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Complex proteins is not a standard term in nutritional science. Proteins are classified as complete or incomplete based on essential amino acid profiles. Plant sources like grains and nuts lack one or more essential amino acids, making this an incorrect classification for such proteins.

Choice B reason: Incomplete proteins, such as those from grains, nuts, and most legumes, lack one or more essential amino acids required for human protein synthesis. Combining these with complementary plant sources (e.g., rice and beans) can form complete proteins, meeting dietary needs for growth and repair.

Choice C reason: Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids in adequate amounts, typically found in animal sources like meat or soy. Most plant sources, excluding soybeans, are incomplete, as they are deficient in certain amino acids, making this an incorrect choice.

Choice D reason: Simple proteins is a biochemical term referring to proteins composed solely of amino acids, not a nutritional classification. It does not describe the amino acid profile or dietary role of plant-based proteins, which are typically incomplete, making this an incorrect option.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Chicken stir fry provides about 26 grams of protein per 3-ounce chicken serving, with peppers and carrots adding negligible protein (<2 grams). The high protein content from complete amino acids in chicken supports muscle repair, making this the highest protein meal among the options.

Choice B reason: Bread-stuffed turkey breast with baked potato offers about 26 grams of protein from turkey (3 ounces), with potato and bread adding ~5 grams. While high, it provides slightly less protein than chicken stir fry due to lower protein density in accompanying foods.

Choice C reason: An egg omelet (2 eggs: ~12 grams), cheese (1 ounce: ~7 grams), toast (~3 grams), and milk (1 cup: ~8 grams) total about 30 grams of protein. This is substantial but less than chicken stir fry, as eggs and dairy have lower protein density per serving.

Choice D reason: A bean burrito with corn and tomato salad provides about 15 grams of protein from beans (1 cup), with corn and tomatoes adding <2 grams. Beans are incomplete proteins, and the total protein is lower than chicken-based meals, making this the least protein-rich option.

A. Positive nitrogen balance B. Gluconeogenesis C. Negative nitrogen balance D. Ketosis

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Positive nitrogen balance occurs when nitrogen intake exceeds excretion, promoting muscle growth, as seen in athletes or pregnancy. In elderly clients with muscle wasting, protein breakdown exceeds synthesis, leading to muscle loss, making this an incorrect assumption for the observed condition.

Choice B reason: Gluconeogenesis is the liver’s process of synthesizing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, like amino acids, during starvation or low carbohydrate intake. While it may occur in muscle wasting, it is not the primary cause or indicator, as muscle loss is driven by protein catabolism.

Choice C reason: Negative nitrogen balance indicates protein breakdown exceeds intake, common in elderly clients with muscle wasting due to inadequate protein consumption, illness, or reduced absorption. This leads to muscle loss, as amino acids are not sufficiently replaced, aligning with the observed symptoms.

Choice D reason: Ketosis occurs when the body burns fat for energy, producing ketones, typically during low-carbohydrate diets. While it may accompany malnutrition, it is not directly linked to muscle wasting, which is primarily driven by protein deficiency and catabolism in this context.

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Proteins from most plant sources such as grains, nuts, and legumes (beans, not soybeans) are called:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Considering just protein and not fats or carbohydrates, which of the following meals gives you the most protein?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for an elderly client admitted to the emergency department. When the nurse learns that the client has muscle wasting, which does the nurse suspect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Based on the Dietary Reference Intake, proteins should make up what percentage of an adult’s daily caloric intake?

A patient who likes Mexican food asks the nurse how they can eat healthier proteins. Keeping the patient’s food preference in mind, which food would the nurse most likely suggest?

A patient tells the nurse they cannot afford to buy meat every day. Which of the following meals should the nurse suggest as a good source of protein that is also budget-friendly?

A nurse is working in an outpatient clinic. A patient states that they have heard the best way to lose weight is with a high protein diet. The nurse’s response to this is which of the following statements?

A patient tells the nurse they cannot afford to buy meat every day. Which of the following meals should the nurse suggest as a good source of protein that is also budget-friendly?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about diets that help with wound healing. Which of the following foods should the nurse indicate contains the best source of protein?

Which type of amino acids is typically made by the body, but in certain conditions the body may not be able to make?