Reducing spasticity in children with cerebral palsy is a goal of therapy. After teaching a group of students about medications commonly used for neuromuscular disorders such as cerebral palsy, the nursing instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which classification of medication as therapeutic?
Anti-depressants
Anti-spasmodics
Beta Blockers
Steroids
The Correct Answer is B
A. While antidepressants may occasionally be used in children with cerebral palsy (CP) to manage associated mood disorders, they do not directly reduce spasticity. They are not considered a primary therapy for the neuromuscular manifestations of CP.
B. Anti-spasmodic medications, such as baclofen, diazepam, or dantrolene, are used to reduce muscle spasticity in children with cerebral palsy. These medications act on the central nervous system or directly on muscle fibers to relax hypertonic muscles, improve mobility, decrease pain from muscle stiffness, and facilitate physical therapy interventions. This classification aligns directly with the therapeutic goal of reducing spasticity in CP.
C. Beta blockers are primarily used to manage cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension, arrhythmias, or migraines. They do not affect muscle tone or spasticity in children with cerebral palsy, making them irrelevant for this therapeutic goal.
D. Corticosteroids may be used in certain neuromuscular disorders like muscular dystrophy to reduce inflammation and slow disease progression, but they do not have a primary role in reducing spasticity in cerebral palsy. Their effects are unrelated to the control of hypertonic muscle activity seen in CP.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Osteomyelitis is a bone infection, not a malignancy. Referral to oncology is unnecessary unless there is an unrelated suspected malignancy. This does not align with standard osteomyelitis discharge planning.
B. Proper nutrition for a child with osteomyelitis should be well-balanced with adequate protein to support tissue repair and immune function. A high-fat, low-protein diet would be counterproductive and is not recommended.
C. Children recovering from osteomyelitis should avoid strenuous activity until cleared by the healthcare provider. Premature return to physical activity can risk re-injury, delayed healing, or exacerbation of infection.
D. Osteomyelitis often requires prolonged intravenous antibiotic therapy, sometimes lasting several weeks. A home healthcare referral allows for safe administration of IV antibiotics, monitoring for complications, and ongoing patient/family education, which is an essential component of discharge planning.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is most commonly seen in obese children, particularly males, during the preadolescent growth spurt (typically ages 10–16). Excess body weight increases stress on the growth plate (epiphysis) of the femoral head, making it more prone to slippage. Recognizing the high-risk population allows the nurse to anticipate complications, provide appropriate monitoring, and prepare for surgical intervention, which is the standard treatment.
B. While SCFE can occur in females, it is less common than in males. Female cases often present slightly later and may be associated with hormonal or endocrine factors, but statistically, preadolescent males are at higher risk.
C. SCFE is not typically associated with a tall, thin body type. This description is more characteristic of other orthopedic conditions, such as Marfan syndrome-related skeletal issues, rather than SCFE.
D. Physical activity alone is not a primary risk factor for SCFE. The condition is largely associated with obesity and rapid growth, not activity level.
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