Right lower quadrant abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting may indicate
Cirrhosis
Cholecystitis
Appendicitis
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
The Correct Answer is C
A. Cirrhosis: This chronic hepatic disease typically presents with systemic signs such as jaundice, ascites, and encephalopathy. It does not cause localized acute pain in the right lower quadrant. It is a progressive fibrotic process rather than an acute inflammatory one.
B. Cholecystitis: This biliary inflammation causes pain primarily in the right upper quadrant or epigastrium. The pain often radiates to the right shoulder or scapula due to phrenic nerve irritation. It is located superior to the site of appendiceal pain.
C. Appendicitis: Obstruction of the appendiceal lumen leads to distension and subsequent inflammation, localizing pain to the right lower quadrant. This is often accompanied by a systemic inflammatory response, nausea, and emesis. It is the most common surgical emergency.
D. Gastroesophageal reflux disease: This condition involves the retrograde flow of gastric acid into the esophagus, causing retrosternal pyrosis. It does not manifest as lower abdominal pain or acute peritonitis. It is a functional disorder of the upper digestive tract.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C"]
Explanation
A. hearing loss. : Auditory stimuli are processed in the temporal lobes, specifically within the transverse temporal gyri. The frontal lobe does not contain the primary auditory cortex or associated sensory pathways. Injury here spares the ability to perceive sound.
B. speech difficulty. : The posterior portion of the left frontal lobe contains Broca’s area, which coordinates the motor aspects of speech. Damage results in expressive aphasia, where word production is slow and labored. It is a center for motor linguistics.
C. personality changes. : The prefrontal cortex is the site of executive function, social behavior, and impulse control. Trauma to this area often results in disinhibition, apathy, or dramatic shifts in temperament. This was famously demonstrated in the case of Phineas Gage.
D. loss of vision. : The occipital lobe at the posterior of the brain is the primary center for visual interpretation. The frontal lobe is not involved in the reception or processing of sight. Damage there causes motor or cognitive, not visual, deficits.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. the post-ictal phase.: This period represents the recovery interval immediately following a seizure during which the brain restores homeostatic balance. Patients commonly experience profound somnolence, confusion, and temporary neurological depression. It is a physiological response to intense neuronal discharge.
B. an absence seizure.: This type of generalized seizure involves a brief, sudden lapse in consciousness without a loss of postural tone. There is no significant motor activity or subsequent prolonged period of lethargy. Recovery is typically instantaneous and lacks drowsiness.
C. a behavioral disorder.: Post-seizure somnolence is an organic, physiological consequence of cerebral exhaustion and neurotransmitter depletion. It is not a manifestation of a psychological or behavioral condition. Labeling it as such ignores the underlying neurobiological recovery process.
D. an aura.: This phenomenon consists of focal neurological symptoms that occur immediately before a seizure begins. It serves as a sensory warning and is considered part of the ictal onset. It does not describe the state of exhaustion following.
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