Select the correct statement about lymphocytes.
The two main types are T cells and macrophages.
T cells are the only form of lymphocyte found in lymphoid tissue.
T cells are the precursors of B cells.
B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood.
The Correct Answer is D
A. The two main types are T cells and macrophages: Macrophages are phagocytic cells, not lymphocytes. The main lymphocyte types are T cells and B cells, which have distinct roles in adaptive immunity.
B. T cells are the only form of lymphocyte found in lymphoid tissue: Both T cells and B cells are present in lymphoid tissues. Lymphoid organs support the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of multiple lymphocyte types.
C. T cells are the precursors of B cells: T cells and B cells develop separately from hematopoietic stem cells. T cells do not differentiate into B cells; they have distinct lineages and functions in immunity.
D. B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood: B cells differentiate into plasma cells upon activation. Plasma cells are specialized for antibody production, releasing large amounts of antigen-specific antibodies into the circulation, making this statement correct.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The vaccine contains the lymphocytes necessary to fight infection:Vaccines do not contain preformed lymphocytes. Instead, they provide antigens that stimulate the body’s own lymphocytes to develop immunity, allowing the adaptive immune system to respond effectively upon future exposure.
B. B-lymphocytes are unable to mount an immune response the first time they are exposed to a new pathogen:B cells can respond during the primary exposure, but the response is slower and less robust. Vaccines work by preparing the immune system for a faster, stronger secondary response, rather than because B cells are incapable of a primary response.
C. The secondary response of the adaptive immunity is faster and more efficient than the primary response:Vaccines stimulate memory B and T cells, which allow the immune system to mount a rapid and effective response upon subsequent exposure to the pathogen. This secondary response provides long-lasting immunity and is the primary reason vaccines are effective.
D. The vaccine contains the antibodies necessary to fight infection:Vaccines do not contain antibodies; they contain antigens or inactivated pathogens that stimulate the body to produce its own antibodies. Preformed antibodies would provide temporary protection but not long-term immunity.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Increased urine output:Diuretics promote renal excretion of sodium and water, leading to a noticeable rise in urine volume. This effect helps lower circulating fluid levels and reduces preload on the heart. Increased urine output is therefore an expected and intended response to these medications.
B. Lower plasma volume:By enhancing fluid loss through the kidneys, diuretics decrease overall plasma volume. Reduced intravascular volume helps lessen the workload on the cardiovascular system and supports blood pressure control. This decrease is a predictable physiological effect of diuretic therapy.
C. Decreased blood pressure:Lower plasma volume reduces venous return and cardiac output, leading to a reduction in arterial pressure. Many diuretics are prescribed specifically to manage hypertension by decreasing this circulating volume. A drop in blood pressure is therefore consistent with the drug’s mechanism of action.
D. Greater stress on the heart to provide adequate perfusion:Diuretics typically ease cardiac workload by lowering circulating volume and reducing vascular resistance. With less volume to pump and decreased pressure demands, the heart generally experiences improved efficiency.
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