Subperiosteal hemorrhage resulting from the trauma of birth is known as a:
caput succedaneum.
cephalohematoma.
subdural hemorrhage.
subarachnoid hemorrhage.
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Caput succedaneum is edema of the scalp that crosses suture lines and results from pressure on the presenting part during delivery, not a true hemorrhage.
B. Cephalohematoma is a subperiosteal hemorrhage, meaning blood collects between the periosteum and the skull bone. It is typically firm, well-defined, and does not cross suture lines. It may appear several hours after birth and usually resolves spontaneously over weeks to months.
C. Subdural hemorrhage involves bleeding beneath the dura mater, often associated with trauma or birth complications, but it is deeper than a cephalohematoma and may cause neurological signs.
D. Subarachnoid hemorrhage occurs in the space between the arachnoid and pia mater; it is not limited to the periosteum and is rare in uncomplicated deliveries.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Metabolic acidosis may cause rapid breathing or lethargy but is not primarily indicated by fever.
B. In infants younger than 3 months, a temperature greater than 100.4°F (38°C) is concerning for a serious bacterial or viral infection due to their immature immune systems. Even mild fevers in this age group warrant prompt evaluation for sepsis, urinary tract infections, or meningitis.
C. Renal artery disease does not typically present with isolated fever in young infants.
D. Congenital heart defects may cause cyanosis, tachypnea, or poor feeding, but fever is not a primary sign.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Nasal grunting is a sound produced during exhalation due to partial airway obstruction, not visible enlargement of the nostrils.
B. Nasal stridor refers to a high-pitched sound during breathing caused by upper airway obstruction, not the physical widening of nasal openings.
C. Nasal flaring is the visible enlargement of both nostrils during inspiration, often seen in infants and young children as a sign of respiratory distress. It helps reduce airway resistance and increase airflow.
D. Nasal obstruction is a blockage of nasal passages and does not describe the outward flaring of nostrils.
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