The 8-year-old male child diagnosed with asthma is prescribed albuterol. The child tells the nurse that if he is good at the doctor's visit, his mom is going to get a hamburger, French fries, and a cola for him. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Tell the mother not to use food as a reward for visiting the doctor.

Encourage the child to be good so he can go get his meal.

Suggest drinking a Sprite or 7-Up with his lunch instead of cola.

Explain that the child should not eat foods high in salt, such as french fries.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Tell the mother not to use food as a reward for visiting the doctor: While discouraging unhealthy food rewards may be reasonable teaching, it is not the most clinically relevant intervention for an asthmatic child about to use albuterol.
B. Encourage the child to be good so he can go get his meal: This reinforces the reward but does not address health or asthma triggers.
C. Suggest drinking a Sprite or 7-Up with his lunch instead of cola: Cola often contains caffeine and additives that may increase heart rate or gastrointestinal upset and can potentiate albuterol’s stimulant effects; recommending a caffeine-free soda (or better yet water) is a practical, safe suggestion.
D. Explain that the child should not eat foods high in salt, such as french fries: High-salt foods are not an immediate trigger for asthma exacerbation and this advice is not the priority teaching in this scenario.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Furosemide to the client with a serum potassium level of 2.9 mEq/dL: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss; giving it to a patient with significant hypokalemia (K⁺ 2.9) would worsen hypokalemia and risk dysrhythmias -the order should be questioned.
B. Captopril to the client with a serum sodium level of 137 mEq/dL: sodium 137 is normal and captopril is not contraindicated by that sodium.
C. Hydralazine to the client with a blood pressure of 168/94: hydralazine for markedly elevated BP is reasonable.
D. Diltiazem to the client with a glucose level of 280 mg/dL: hyperglycemia is not a direct contraindication to diltiazem.

A. "Take the medication with a meal." B. "This medication can cause an increase in perspiration." C. "This medication can turn your urine orange." D. "You may crush or chew the medication."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Take the medication with a meal.": Extended-release metformin should be taken with food to reduce GI side effects (nausea, diarrhea) and to improve tolerability.
B. "This medication can cause an increase in perspiration.": Increased perspiration is not a characteristic adverse effect of metformin.
C. "This medication can turn your urine orange.": Urine discoloration (orange) is associated with drugs like rifampin, not metformin.
D. "You may crush or chew the medication.": Do not crush or chew extended-release formulations -doing so can destroy the extended-release mechanism and increase risk of adverse effects.

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The 8-year-old male child diagnosed with asthma is prescribed albuterol. The child tells the nurse that if he is good at the doctor's visit, his mom is going to get a hamburger, French fries, and a cola for him. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

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