The assessment of a 4-year-old child's visual acuity demonstrates 20/30 vision in the left eye and 20/40 vision in the right eye using the Snellen eye chart. This means:
that vision is normal for age.
that vision is abnormal and further testing is warranted.
the patient may not be able to read and should be tested with the picture or "E" eye charts.
an astigmatism is present.
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Normal visual acuity for a 4-year-old is generally around 20/25 in each eye.
B. Vision of 20/30 in one eye and 20/40 in the other indicates reduced visual acuity, which is abnormal for this age and warrants further evaluation to rule out amblyopia, refractive errors, or other ocular pathology.
C. While picture or “E” charts are used for younger children who cannot read letters, a 4-year-old may be able to use a standard Snellen chart, and the findings indicate decreased acuity regardless.
D. Astigmatism cannot be diagnosed solely based on these Snellen chart readings; additional testing such as refraction is required.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Inability to retract a previously retractable prepuce (paraphimosis or recurrent phimosis) after treatment may indicate an underlying structural problem and warrants referral to a urologist.
B. Difficulty maintaining hygiene is common in uncircumcised adolescents and can often be managed with education on proper cleaning techniques.
C. Desire for circumcision alone is not an urgent indication for urology referral; it can be elective.
D. Nocturnal erections are a normal physiological process in adolescent males and do not necessitate referral.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Acetic acid is primarily used for topical treatment of certain infections and is not appropriate for general wound cleansing before suturing.
B. Povidone-iodine can be irritating to tissues and may delay wound healing if used for deep wound irrigation.
C. Chlorhexidine (Hibiclens) is effective for skin antisepsis but is generally not recommended for open wound irrigation due to potential tissue toxicity.
D. Saline solution for irrigation is the preferred method for cleansing lacerations prior to suturing. It effectively removes debris and contaminants without causing tissue irritation, promoting optimal wound healing.
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