The charge nurse has stated a client has hyperkalemia and needs cardiac monitoring. The nurse noted which of following lab values?
Sodium 148
Potassium 3.1
Sodium 130
Potassium 5.7
The Correct Answer is D
A. Sodium 148: This represents mild hypernatremia, but sodium levels are not the primary concern for cardiac monitoring.
B. Potassium 3.1: This is hypokalemia (low potassium), not hyperkalemia.
C. Sodium 130: This represents hyponatremia, which can cause neurological symptoms, not hyperkalemia.
D. Potassium 5.7: Hyperkalemia is defined as K⁺ >5.0 mEq/L. Levels above 5.5 can cause dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias, requiring ECG monitoring.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "Alcohol is metabolized in the kidneys." Alcohol is primarily metabolized in the liver, not the kidneys.
B. "Alcohol can increase the chances of nephrotoxicity." Chronic alcohol use can damage the kidneys and increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, especially when combined with nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., NSAIDs, aminoglycosides).
C. "Alcohol can decrease the chance of medication side effects." Alcohol can actually enhance medication side effects, such as sedation with CNS depressants or liver damage with acetaminophen.
D. "Medication can be metabolized faster when alcohol is consumed regularly." Chronic alcohol use induces liver enzymes, potentially altering metabolism, but it does not necessarily speed up drug metabolism for all medications.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: Causes fever, muscle rigidity, autonomic instability, and altered mental status-not dry mouth or blurry vision.
B. Teratogenicity: Refers to birth defects from medications taken during pregnancy.
C. Parkinson-like syndrome: Involves tremors, muscle rigidity, and bradykinesia-not dry mouth or blurry vision.
D. Anticholinergic effects: Symptoms of dry mouth, blurred vision, and urinary retention are classic signs of anticholinergic side effects caused by medications like antihistamines, tricyclic antidepressants, and some antipsychotics.
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