The function of bacterial endospores is
conversion of gaseous nitrogen to a usable form for plants.
reproduction and growth.
protection of genetic material during harsh conditions.
storage of excess cell materials.
as sites for photosynthesis
The Correct Answer is C
A. Conversion of gaseous nitrogen to a usable form for plants: Nitrogen fixation is carried out by certain bacteria like Rhizobium and Azotobacter, not by endospores. Endospores do not participate in nitrogen metabolism.
B. Reproduction and growth: Endospores are not reproductive structures. They are dormant forms that ensure survival during extreme conditions, unlike spores in fungi which serve reproductive roles.
C. Protection of genetic material during harsh conditions: Endospores safeguard bacterial DNA when exposed to heat, radiation, desiccation, or chemicals. This survival mechanism allows bacteria to persist until conditions become favorable again.
D. Storage of excess cell materials: Storage granules or inclusion bodies serve this purpose in bacteria, whereas endospores are specialized for endurance, not material storage.
E. As sites for photosynthesis: Photosynthesis occurs in thylakoid membranes of cyanobacteria, not in endospores. Endospores remain metabolically inactive until germination.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Biosafety Level 1: BSL-1 is designated for microbes that pose minimal risk to humans and the environment. These organisms are non-pathogenic and can be safely handled with standard laboratory practices.
B. Biosafety Level 2: BSL-2 is used for organisms that pose moderate risk and may cause human disease, requiring additional precautions such as limited lab access and protective equipment.
C. Biosafety Level 3: BSL-3 applies to microbes that can cause serious or potentially lethal diseases via inhalation, requiring controlled access and specialized safety equipment.
D. Biosafety Level 4: BSL-4 is reserved for dangerous, exotic pathogens such as Ebola virus, which carry high risk of life-threatening disease and require maximum containment facilities.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Louis Pasteur: Louis Pasteur made significant contributions to microbiology and germ theory, including the development of pasteurization and vaccines, but he did not specifically establish hygiene standards in healthcare settings.
B. Robert Koch: Robert Koch is known for identifying the causative agents of diseases such as tuberculosis and anthrax and developing Koch’s postulates, but he focused on microbiology research rather than hygiene practices in hospitals.
C. Rudolf Virchow: Rudolf Virchow contributed to cellular pathology and emphasized the importance of social and environmental factors in disease, but he did not establish hygiene standards in clinical care.
D. Florence Nightingale: Florence Nightingale is credited with establishing hygiene standards in healthcare settings through her work during the Crimean War, emphasizing sanitation, clean water, and proper ventilation to reduce infection rates and improve patient outcomes.
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