The home health care nurse is conducting a home visit with an older adult client who has a history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, and heart failure. The client has a new prescription for furosemide 40 mg PO daily. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of taking this new medication safely?
"I will notify my doctor if my urine output increases after a few doses."
"I will not eat my usual banana with my breakfast cereal in the morning."
"I will need to change positions slowly when going from laying down to sitting and then sitting to standing."
"I will take my furosemide with a full glass of water just before bed time."
The Correct Answer is C
A. "I will notify my doctor if my urine output increases after a few doses.": Diuresis is the intended pharmacological outcome for a patient with heart failure receiving loop diuretics. Increased urinary frequency and volume indicate that the medication is effectively reducing fluid overload. Reporting this expected finding would be an unnecessary use of clinical resources.
B. "I will not eat my usual banana with my breakfast cereal in the morning.": Furosemide promotes the excretion of potassium in the distal tubule and the loop of Henle. Bananas are a high-potassium food that helps prevent the development of hypokalemia during diuretic therapy. Restricting dietary potassium while taking a non-potassium-sparing diuretic increases the risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
C. "I will need to change positions slowly when going from laying down to sitting and then sitting to standing.": Rapid fluid volume reduction and vasodilation can lead to a significant drop in blood pressure upon standing. This orthostatic hypotension increases the risk of falls and syncope in older adult patients. Gradual transitions allow the body's baroreceptors to adjust and maintain adequate cerebral perfusion.
D. "I will take my furosemide with a full glass of water just before bed time.": Administering loop diuretics in the evening results in nocturia, which disrupts the patient's sleep cycle and increases fall risks at night. Medication should be taken in the morning to allow for peak diuresis during waking hours. Timing the dose correctly is essential for maintaining patient safety and quality of life.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Give 2 rescue breaths: In cardiac arrest due to V.Fib, the priority is circulation. High-quality chest compressions are initiated immediately to maintain perfusion until defibrillation can be performed. Rescue breaths are not the first step.
B. Start chest compressions: V.Fib is a lethal rhythm with no effective cardiac output. Immediate chest compressions are essential to circulate oxygenated blood to vital organs while preparing for defibrillation. This is the first action in Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS).
C. Assess the client: While assessment is important, in the context of a witnessed rhythm strip showing V.Fib and an alarm, the nurse should assume cardiac arrest and act immediately. Delaying compressions to reassess wastes critical seconds.
D. Call a code blue/call 911: This is necessary, but it comes after starting chest compressions. The priority is to begin CPR without delay, then activate emergency response and prepare for defibrillation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Laying in Trendelenburg position: This position involves placing the head lower than the feet, which significantly increases venous return to the heart. In a patient with valvular disease, this extra volume would exacerbate pulmonary congestion and severely worsen respiratory distress. This position is strictly contraindicated for anyone experiencing orthopnea or congestive heart failure.
B. Laying flat on their back: A supine position allows fluid to redistribute from the lower extremities into the pulmonary circulation. This increase in preload overwhelms the failing heart's ability to pump, leading to acute shortness of breath. Patients with orthopnea cannot tolerate lying flat and will instinctively seek an upright position to breathe.
C. Laying in bed in semi-Fowler's position with multiple pillows under their head: Elevating the upper body uses gravity to keep fluid in the lower extremities and reduce the volume of blood returning to the heart. This decreases pulmonary capillary pressure and allows for better lung expansion and gas exchange. Using multiple pillows is a classic compensatory behavior for patients with valvular-induced heart failure.
D. Laying prone in the bed flat: The prone position restricts chest wall expansion and does not address the issue of fluid redistribution to the lungs. Lying flat in any orientation will trigger the sensation of breathlessness associated with orthopnea. Proper nursing care for these patients requires maintaining a high-Fowler's or semi-Fowler's position to optimize respiratory effort.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.
