The manufacturer's instructions for an autoclave (sterilizing unit) in a clinic specify that the autoclave must reach a temperature of 121 °C under 15 pounds per square inch of pressure for a minimum of 15 minutes to ensure sterilization. The technician who is doing routine maintenance on the machine will check the operating temperature using a Fahrenheit thermometer, the autoclave is working properly the temperature should be __________ (round to the nearest whole number).

Desired dose = 400 mg.

• Determine the available concentration.

A 20% solution = 20 g per 100 mL = 20,000 mg per 100 mL
So the concentration is:

20,000mg/100mL

=200mg/mL

• Calculate the volume to administer per dose.

Volume (mL) = Desired dose (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL)

= 400 mg / 200 mg/mL

= 2 mL.

A. hypertonic: Hypertonic solutions have a higher solute concentration than plasma, pulling water out of cells and shrinking them. Lactated Ringer’s does not draw water from cells, so it is not classified as hypertonic.

B. therapeutic: "Therapeutic" refers to the intended treatment effect of a medication or fluid but is not a classification related to the osmolarity or fluid balance behavior of a solution.

C. isotonic: Lactated Ringer's has a similar osmolarity to plasma, meaning it does not cause water to move into or out of cells. Because it maintains fluid balance across cell membranes, it is accurately classified as an isotonic solution.

D. hypotonic: Hypotonic solutions have a lower solute concentration than body fluids, causing water to move into cells and potentially leading to cellular swelling. Lactated Ringer's does not cause this shift and therefore is not hypotonic.