The nurse is assessing a patient who is malnourished and has a history of poor nutrition. The patient reports difficulty seeing at night. This patient is likely to be deficient in which fat-soluble vitamin?
B complex
A (retinol)
D
K
The Correct Answer is B
A. B complex: The B vitamins are water-soluble and play roles in energy metabolism, nerve function, and red blood cell production. They are not directly linked to vision or night blindness.
B. A (retinol): Vitamin A is essential for the production of rhodopsin, a pigment in the retina that allows for vision in low-light conditions. Deficiency leads to night blindness and, if prolonged, can cause more severe eye damage such as xerophthalmia.
C. D: Vitamin D is important for calcium absorption and bone health. Deficiency results in rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults, but it does not cause difficulty with night vision.
D. K: Vitamin K plays a crucial role in blood clotting and bone health. Its deficiency leads to impaired coagulation and increased bleeding risk, not visual disturbances or night blindness.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. BUN: Blood urea nitrogen reflects kidney function and hydration status, not infection. Elevated BUN levels are usually associated with dehydration or renal impairment rather than a pressure ulcer infection.
B. WBC count: An elevated white blood cell count indicates the body’s immune response to infection. In the context of a pressure ulcer, an increase suggests the presence of local or systemic infection that requires intervention.
C. RBC count: Red blood cell levels reflect oxygen-carrying capacity and are related to anemia or blood loss. An elevated or decreased RBC count does not directly indicate infection.
D. Potassium: Potassium levels are associated with electrolyte balance and cardiac or neuromuscular function. Changes in potassium do not provide direct evidence of infection in a client with a pressure ulcer.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E","F"]
Explanation
A. Blood pressure: A significant drop from 118/76 mmHg to 88/56 mmHg indicates hypotension, which can compromise perfusion. This requires urgent follow-up because it may reflect cardiogenic shock or myocardial infarction complications.
B. Anxiety: Anxiety is a common response to chest pain and shortness of breath. While it should be acknowledged, it is not the priority compared to hemodynamic instability and hypoxemia.
C. Oxygen saturation: The drop from 98% to 88% on room air shows hypoxemia. This requires immediate follow-up, as low oxygen levels increase cardiac workload and worsen myocardial ischemia.
D. Breath sounds: Bilateral breath sounds remain clear and unchanged between assessments. This finding does not require follow-up since there is no evidence of pulmonary congestion or abnormal sounds.
E. Irregular heart rate: The shift from a regular rate of 78 bpm to an irregular, rapid rate of 128 bpm signals a new arrhythmia. This significantly impacts cardiac output and requires immediate follow-up.
F. Chest tightness: Chest pain radiating to the jaw and unrelieved by rest suggests unstable angina or myocardial infarction. This is a critical symptom requiring urgent evaluation and intervention.
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