The nurse is aware that the compensating mechanism, that is most likely to occur in the presence of respiratory acidosis is:
Retention of HCO3 by the kidneys to increase the pH level
Hypoventilation to increase the CO2 levels
Excretion of HCO3 by the kidneys to decrease the pH level
Hyperventiliation to decrease the CO2 levels
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. In respiratory acidosis, CO₂ accumulates in the blood due to hypoventilation, lowering the pH. The kidneys compensate by retaining HCO₃ (bicarbonate), which helps buffer excess hydrogen ions and raise the pH toward normal.
B. Hypoventilation causes or worsens respiratory acidosis by increasing CO₂ levels, so it is not a compensatory response.
C. Excreting HCO₃ would lower the pH further and worsen the acidosis, so this is incorrect.
D. Hyperventilation helps reduce CO₂ levels but is a respiratory response, not a renal compensatory mechanism. Compensation for respiratory acidosis primarily occurs via the kidneys, not the lungs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Counting wet diapers provides general insight into fluid output, but it is not the most accurate measure of overall fluid status.
B. Measuring head circumference is useful for assessing neurological changes or growth, not hydration.
C. Daily weight is the most accurate and sensitive indicator of fluid balance in infants, especially when performed consistently.
D. Vital signs can reflect dehydration, but they are less reliable than daily weight for ongoing monitoring of rehydration progress.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Request a potassium replacement: The client's potassium level is 3.0 mEq/L, which indicates hypokalemia (normal range: 3.5–5.0 mEq/L). TPN can cause electrolyte shifts, so potassium supplementation is appropriate and should be initiated to prevent complications like arrhythmias and muscle weakness.
B. Administer glucagon IM: This is used to treat severe hypoglycemia. The client’s glucose is 72 mg/dL, which is within the normal range (70–100 mg/dL fasting), so glucagon is not needed.
C. Check the client for a positive Chvostek's sign: Chvostek’s sign is associated with hypocalcemia, not hypokalemia, and calcium levels were not mentioned as abnormal here.
D. Discontinue the TPN infusion: Discontinuing TPN is not appropriate without a critical reason. Electrolyte imbalances are common during TPN therapy and are typically managed by adjusting the TPN formulation rather than stopping it altogether.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.