A patient with congestive heart failure is prescribed a low-sodium diet. Which of the following foods, if chosen by the patient, indicates further teaching is necessary? (Select 3 options that apply)
Applesauce
Pretzels
Chicken hotdog
Lemonade
Tomato juice
Correct Answer : B,C,E
Rationale:
A. Applesauce is naturally low in sodium and is appropriate for a low-sodium diet.
B. Pretzels are typically high in sodium and should be avoided or eaten in moderation.
C. Chicken hotdogs are processed meats that contain high levels of sodium and should be avoided.
D. Lemonade is low in sodium and generally acceptable unless other health concerns are present (e.g., diabetes).
E. Tomato juice often contains added salt and is high in sodium unless specifically labeled as low-sodium.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Metabolic alkalosis is related to an excess of bicarbonate or loss of acid, not CO₂ retention.
B. Metabolic acidosis is caused by the accumulation of acids (like in renal failure or DKA), not respiratory dysfunction.
C. Respiratory acidosis occurs when the lungs fail to excrete enough CO₂, leading to CO₂ retention and a decrease in blood pH. This is commonly seen in conditions like COPD, respiratory depression, or airway obstruction.
D. Respiratory alkalosis results from excessive elimination of CO₂, such as in hyperventilation, which is the opposite of what is described.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Counting wet diapers provides general insight into fluid output, but it is not the most accurate measure of overall fluid status.
B. Measuring head circumference is useful for assessing neurological changes or growth, not hydration.
C. Daily weight is the most accurate and sensitive indicator of fluid balance in infants, especially when performed consistently.
D. Vital signs can reflect dehydration, but they are less reliable than daily weight for ongoing monitoring of rehydration progress.
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