The nurse is aware that which of the following results when a decreased concentration of hydrogen ions occurs within body fluids?

They become acidic.

They become alkaline.

Carbon ions are retained.

Oxygen ions are released into the blood.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. They become acidic: Acidity is defined by a higher concentration of hydrogen ions (H+), so a decreased concentration of hydrogen ions would not lead to acidity. Acidic fluids have a higher H+ concentration, not a lower one.

B. They become alkaline: A decreased concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) leads to an increase in pH, making the fluids more alkaline. Alkaline conditions are characterized by a lower H+ concentration, resulting in a higher pH level.

C. Carbon ions are retained: Carbon ions do not directly relate to the concentration of hydrogen ions in body fluids. The primary ions involved in acid-base balance are hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions, not carbon ions.

D. Oxygen ions are released into the blood: Oxygen ions do not have a direct relationship with the concentration of hydrogen ions in the body. The release of oxygen into the blood is related to respiratory function and hemoglobin, not hydrogen ion concentration.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. High: The relationship between calcium and phosphate is inverse, meaning when calcium levels rise, phosphate levels tend to decrease, and vice versa. Therefore, the phosphate level would not be expected to be high if the calcium level is within the normal range.

B. The same as the calcium level: While calcium and phosphate levels are related, they do not typically mirror each other directly. They have an inverse relationship, not a one-to-one correlation.

C. Low: Since calcium and phosphate have an inverse relationship, a normal calcium level generally indicates that phosphate levels are also normal, not necessarily low.

D. Normal: With a calcium level of 9.5 mg/dL, which is within the normal range, it is expected that the phosphate level would also be within the normal range, as long as there are no other underlying conditions affecting these levels.

A. Serum sodium B. Serum calcium C. Serum magnesium D. Serum glucose level

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Serum sodium: While sodium levels can be affected in metabolic alkalosis, a positive Chvostek sign is more indicative of a calcium issue rather than a sodium imbalance.

B. Serum calcium: A positive Chvostek sign, which is a twitching of the facial muscles when the facial nerve is tapped, is a clinical sign of hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia can occur in metabolic alkalosis due to shifts in calcium, and the nurse should check the serum calcium level immediately.

C. Serum magnesium: Magnesium levels can also affect neuromuscular function, but hypocalcemia is more directly related to a positive Chvostek sign. Although magnesium should be monitored, calcium is the priority in this situation.

D. Serum glucose level: Serum glucose levels are not related to the development of metabolic alkalosis or a positive Chvostek sign. Therefore, glucose is not the most immediate concern in this context.

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The nurse is aware that which of the following results when a decreased concentration of hydrogen ions occurs within body fluids?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client's calcium level is 9.5 mg/dL (Normal 9.0-10.5 mg/dL). A nurse would expect the client's phosphate level to be:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which laboratory value will the nurse check immediately when a client with metabolic alkalosis develops a positive Chvostek sign?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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